महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-77, verse-21

शर्मिष्ठोवाच ।
अधर्मात्त्राहि मां राजन्धर्मं च प्रतिपादय ।
त्वत्तोऽपत्यवती लोके चरेयं धर्ममुत्तमम् ॥२१॥

21. śarmiṣṭhovāca ,
adharmāttrāhi māṁ rājandharmaṁ ca pratipādaya ,
tvatto'patyavatī loke careyaṁ dharmamuttamam.

21. śarmiṣṭhā uvāca adharmāt trāhi mām rājan dharmam ca
pratipādaya tvattaḥ apatyavatī loke careyam dharmam uttamam

21. Sharmishtha said: O King, protect me from adharma and establish dharma for me. By having offspring through you, I may practice the highest dharma in this world.

Words meanings summery:

• शर्मिष्ठा (śarmiṣṭhā) - Sharmishtha

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• अधर्मात् (adharmāt) - from adharma, from unrighteousness

• त्राहि (trāhi) - protect, save

• माम् (mām) - me

• राजन् (rājan) - O King

• धर्मम् (dharmam) - dharma, righteousness, duty

• च (ca) - and, also

• प्रतिपादय (pratipādaya) - establish, cause to attain, ensure

• त्वत्तः (tvattaḥ) - from you

• अपत्यवती (apatyavatī) - having offspring, having children

• लोके (loke) - in the world, in this realm

• चरेयम् (careyam) - may I practice, may I act

• धर्मम् (dharmam) - dharma, righteousness, duty

• उत्तमम् (uttamam) - excellent, best, highest

Words meanings and morphology

शर्मिष्ठा (śarmiṣṭhā) - Sharmishtha

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of śarmiṣṭhā

śarmiṣṭhā - name of a princess

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

3rd person singular

Root: vac (class 2)

अधर्मात् (adharmāt) - from adharma, from unrighteousness

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of adharma

adharma - unrighteousness, injustice, vice

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+dharma)

• a – not, non, un
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• dharma – righteousness, duty, law, virtue
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Indicates separation from 'adharma'.

त्राहि (trāhi) - protect, save

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of trā

Imperative Active

2nd person singular

Root: trā (class 2)

Note: Command to Yayati.

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of aham

aham - I, myself

Note: Object of 'trāhi'.

राजन् (rājan) - O King

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, sovereign

Note: Addressing Yayati.

धर्मम् (dharmam) - dharma, righteousness, duty

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - righteousness, duty, law, virtue

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of 'pratipādaya'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

प्रतिपादय (pratipādaya) - establish, cause to attain, ensure

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of prati-pad

Imperative Active (causative stem)

2nd person singular, formed from prefix prati + root pad (causative)

Prefix: prati

Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Command to Yayati.

त्वत्तः (tvattaḥ) - from you

(pronoun)

Ablative, singular of tvam

tvam - you

Note: Source of progeny.

अपत्यवती (apatyavatī) - having offspring, having children

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of apatyavatī

apatyavatī - possessing offspring, having children

feminine, singular, nominative, derived from 'apatya' (offspring) with possessive suffix 'vat' and feminine 'ī'

Note: Qualifies Sharmishtha (implied subject of `careyam`).

लोके (loke) - in the world, in this realm

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of loka

loka - world, realm, people

Root: lok (class 1)

Note: Denotes location.

चरेयम् (careyam) - may I practice, may I act

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of car

Optative Active

1st person singular

Root: car (class 1)

Note: Refers to Sharmishtha.

धर्मम् (dharmam) - dharma, righteousness, duty

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - righteousness, duty, law, virtue

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of 'careyam'.

उत्तमम् (uttamam) - excellent, best, highest

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of uttama

uttama - highest, best, excellent

Note: Qualifies 'dharmam'.