महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-77, verse-20

ययातिरुवाच ।
दातव्यं याचमानेभ्य इति मे व्रतमाहितम् ।
त्वं च याचसि मां कामं ब्रूहि किं करवाणि ते ॥२०॥

20. yayātiruvāca ,
dātavyaṁ yācamānebhya iti me vratamāhitam ,
tvaṁ ca yācasi māṁ kāmaṁ brūhi kiṁ karavāṇi te.

20. yayātiḥ uvāca dātavyam yācamānebhyaḥ iti me vratam
āhitam tvam ca yācasi mām kāmam brūhi kim karavāṇi te

20. Yayati said: It is my vow to give to those who ask. And you ask me for your desire. Tell me, what may I do for you?

Words meanings summery:

• ययातिः (yayātiḥ) - Yayati

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• दातव्यम् (dātavyam) - to be given, what should be given

• याचमानेभ्यः (yācamānebhyaḥ) - to those who are asking, to beggars

• इति (iti) - thus, so

• मे (me) - to me, for me, my

• व्रतम् (vratam) - vow, sacred observance

• आहितम् (āhitam) - undertaken, established, placed

• त्वम् (tvam) - Sharmishtha (you)

• च (ca) - and, also

• याचसि (yācasi) - you ask, you beg

• माम् (mām) - me

• कामम् (kāmam) - what you desire (desire, wish, pleasure)

• ब्रूहि (brūhi) - say, tell, speak

• किम् (kim) - what?

• करवाणि (karavāṇi) - shall I do, may I do

• ते (te) - to you, for you, your

Words meanings and morphology

ययातिः (yayātiḥ) - Yayati

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yayāti

yayāti - name of a king

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

3rd person singular

Root: vac (class 2)

दातव्यम् (dātavyam) - to be given, what should be given

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dā

dā - to give, to grant, to bestow

Gerundive (Potential Passive Participle)

neuter, singular, nominative/accusative, formed from root dā

Root: dā (class 1)

Note: Acts as a nominal phrase 'that which is to be given'.

याचमानेभ्यः (yācamānebhyaḥ) - to those who are asking, to beggars

(adjective)

Dative, masculine, plural of yācamāna

yācamāna - asking, begging, one who asks

Present Middle Participle

masculine, plural, dative, derived from root yāc

Root: yāc (class 1)

Note: 'to those who are asking'.

इति (iti) - thus, so

(indeclinable)

मे (me) - to me, for me, my

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of aham

aham - I, myself

Note: 'my'.

व्रतम् (vratam) - vow, sacred observance

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vrata

vrata - vow, sacred observance, religious duty

Note: Subject of 'āhitam'.

आहितम् (āhitam) - undertaken, established, placed

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ā-dhā

ā-dhā - to place, to establish, to undertake

Past Passive Participle

neuter, singular, nominative, formed from prefix ā + root dhā

Prefix: ā

Root: dhā (class 3)

त्वम् (tvam) - Sharmishtha (you)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of tvam

tvam - you

Note: Subject of 'yācasi'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

याचसि (yācasi) - you ask, you beg

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of yāc

Present Active

2nd person singular

Root: yāc (class 1)

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of aham

aham - I, myself

Note: Object of 'yācasi'.

कामम् (kāmam) - what you desire (desire, wish, pleasure)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kāma

kāma - desire, wish, love, pleasure

Root: kam (class 1)

Note: Object of 'yācasi'.

ब्रूहि (brūhi) - say, tell, speak

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of brū

Imperative Active

2nd person singular

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: Command.

किम् (kim) - what?

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, who, which

Note: Object of 'karavāṇi'.

करवाणि (karavāṇi) - shall I do, may I do

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of kṛ

Imperative Active

1st person singular

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Self-questioning / polite offer.

ते (te) - to you, for you, your

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of tvam

tvam - you, yourself

Note: 'for you'.