महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-77, verse-19

शर्मिष्ठोवाच ।
समावेतौ मतौ राजन्पतिः सख्याश्च यः पतिः ।
समं विवाहमित्याहुः सख्या मेऽसि पतिर्वृतः ॥१९॥

19. śarmiṣṭhovāca ,
samāvetau matau rājanpatiḥ sakhyāśca yaḥ patiḥ ,
samaṁ vivāhamityāhuḥ sakhyā me'si patirvṛtaḥ.

19. śarmiṣṭhā uvāca samau etau matau rājan patiḥ sakhyāḥ ca
yaḥ patiḥ samam vivāham iti āhuḥ sakhyā me asi patiḥ vṛtaḥ

19. Sharmishtha said: O King, these two are considered equal (in terms of marital standing): a husband, and he who is the husband of a friend. They declare this to be an equal marriage. Through my friend, you have been chosen as my husband.

Words meanings summery:

• शर्मिष्ठा (śarmiṣṭhā) - Sharmishtha

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• समौ (samau) - equal, same, alike

• एतौ (etau) - these two

• मतौ (matau) - considered, deemed, thought

• राजन् (rājan) - O King

• पतिः (patiḥ) - husband, lord, master

• सख्याः (sakhyāḥ) - of Devayani (of a friend)

• च (ca) - and, also

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which

• पतिः (patiḥ) - husband, lord, master

• समम् (samam) - equal, same, alike

• विवाहम् (vivāham) - marriage, wedding

• इति (iti) - thus, so

• आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say, they declare

• सख्या (sakhyā) - by Devayani (by the friend)

• मे (me) - to me, for me, my

• असि (asi) - you are

• पतिः (patiḥ) - husband, lord, master

• वृतः (vṛtaḥ) - chosen, selected, elected

Words meanings and morphology

शर्मिष्ठा (śarmiṣṭhā) - Sharmishtha

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of śarmiṣṭhā

śarmiṣṭhā - name of a princess

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

3rd person singular

Root: vac (class 2)

समौ (samau) - equal, same, alike

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of sama

sama - same, equal, alike, similar

Note: Qualifies 'etau'.

एतौ (etau) - these two

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of etad

etad - this, these

Note: Refers to the two types of 'husband' relations.

मतौ (matau) - considered, deemed, thought

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of mata

mata - thought, considered, believed

Past Passive Participle

derived from root man, masculine, dual, nominative

Root: man (class 4)

राजन् (rājan) - O King

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, sovereign

Note: Addressing Yayati.

पतिः (patiḥ) - husband, lord, master

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pati

pati - husband, lord, master

Note: Refers to the first concept of a husband.

सख्याः (sakhyāḥ) - of Devayani (of a friend)

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of sakhī

sakhī - female friend

Note: Refers to Devayani.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the two types of 'pati'.

यः (yaḥ) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Refers to the husband of the friend.

पतिः (patiḥ) - husband, lord, master

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pati

pati - husband, lord, master

Note: Refers to the second concept, the husband of the friend.

समम् (samam) - equal, same, alike

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sama

sama - same, equal, alike, similar

Note: Qualifies 'vivāham' (an equal marriage).

विवाहम् (vivāham) - marriage, wedding

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vivāha

vivāha - marriage, wedding

Prefix: vi

Root: vah (class 1)

Note: Object of 'āhuḥ' (they call).

इति (iti) - thus, so

(indeclinable)

Note: Precedes 'āhuḥ'.

आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say, they declare

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of ah

Present Active

3rd person plural, a rare irregular root

Root: ah (class 2)

सख्या (sakhyā) - by Devayani (by the friend)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of sakhī

sakhī - female friend

Note: Agent in 'chosen by the friend'.

मे (me) - to me, for me, my

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of aham

aham - I, myself

Note: 'for me'.

असि (asi) - you are

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present Active

2nd person singular

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Refers to Yayati.

पतिः (patiḥ) - husband, lord, master

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pati

pati - husband, lord, master

Note: Predicative nominative to 'asi'.

वृतः (vṛtaḥ) - chosen, selected, elected

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛta

vṛta - chosen, selected, surrounded

Past Passive Participle

derived from root vṛ, masculine, singular, nominative

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Qualifies 'patiḥ'.