महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-5, verse-10

शौनक उवाच ।
सूतपुत्र यथा तस्य भार्गवस्य महात्मनः ।
च्यवनत्वं परिख्यातं तन्ममाचक्ष्व पृच्छतः ॥१०॥

10. śaunaka uvāca ,
sūtaputra yathā tasya bhārgavasya mahātmanaḥ ,
cyavanatvaṁ parikhyātaṁ tanmamācakṣva pṛcchataḥ.

10. śaunakaḥ uvāca sūtaputra yathā tasya bhārgavasya mahātmanaḥ
cyavanatvaṃ parikhyātaṃ tat mama ācakṣva pṛcchataḥ

10. Śaunaka said, "O son of Sūta, please tell me, who am asking, how that great-souled descendant of Bhṛgu came to be known as Chyavana, and how that name became so renowned."

Words meanings summery:

• शौनकः (śaunakaḥ) - Śaunaka (Śaunaka (proper name))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (he said, spoke)

• सूतपुत्र (sūtaputra) - O son of Sūta (vocative) (son of a Sūta (charioteer, bard))

• यथा (yathā) - how (as, just as, how)

• तस्य (tasya) - of that (of him, of that)

• भार्गवस्य (bhārgavasya) - of the descendant of Bhṛgu (of Bhārgava (descendant of Bhṛgu))

• महात्मनः (mahātmanaḥ) - of the great-souled one (of the great-souled, noble-minded)

• च्यवनत्वं (cyavanatvaṁ) - the state of being Chyavana (i.e., his name) (the state of being Chyavana, the name Chyavana)

• परिख्यातं (parikhyātaṁ) - renowned (well-known, famous, renowned)

• तत् (tat) - that (story) (that, therefore)

• मम (mama) - to me (to me, my)

• आचक्ष्व (ācakṣva) - tell (tell, relate, describe (imperative))

• पृच्छतः (pṛcchataḥ) - to me who asks (of one who asks, to one who asks)

Words meanings and morphology

शौनकः (śaunakaḥ) - Śaunaka (Śaunaka (proper name))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śaunaka

śaunaka - Name of a celebrated sage, son of Śunaka

उवाच (uvāca) - said (he said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

perfect tense

Irregular perfect form of 'vac'.

Root: vac (class 2)

सूतपुत्र (sūtaputra) - O son of Sūta (vocative) (son of a Sūta (charioteer, bard))

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of sūtaputra

sūtaputra - son of a Sūta, charioteer's son; a bard

Compound type : tatpurusha (sūta+putra)

• sūta – charioteer, bard, one of mixed caste
  noun (masculine)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

यथा (yathā) - how (as, just as, how)

(indeclinable)

तस्य (tasya) - of that (of him, of that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to Bhārgava (Chyavana).

भार्गवस्य (bhārgavasya) - of the descendant of Bhṛgu (of Bhārgava (descendant of Bhṛgu))

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bhārgava

bhārgava - descendant of Bhṛgu, son of Bhṛgu (a name for Chyavana, Paraśurāma, etc.)

Patronymic from Bhṛgu.

महात्मनः (mahātmanaḥ) - of the great-souled one (of the great-souled, noble-minded)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble-minded, exalted, generous

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahat+ātman)

• mahat – great, large, vast
  adjective (neuter)
• ātman – soul, self, spirit
  noun (masculine)

च्यवनत्वं (cyavanatvaṁ) - the state of being Chyavana (i.e., his name) (the state of being Chyavana, the name Chyavana)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of cyavanatva

cyavanatva - the state or condition of being Chyavana

Derived from 'cyavana' (proper name, also 'falling') with suffix 'tva' (abstract noun).

Root: cyu (class 1)

परिख्यातं (parikhyātaṁ) - renowned (well-known, famous, renowned)

(adjective)

neuter, singular of parikhyāta

parikhyāta - well-known, celebrated, famous

past passive participle

From root 'khyā' (to be known, told) with prefix 'pari'.

Prefix: pari

Root: khyā (class 2)

तत् (tat) - that (story) (that, therefore)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to the story of Chyavana's renown.

मम (mama) - to me (to me, my)

(pronoun)

singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

First person pronoun.

Note: Often functions as dative with verbs of telling.

आचक्ष्व (ācakṣva) - tell (tell, relate, describe (imperative))

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (lot) of cakṣ

imperative

Middle voice imperative, second person singular.

Prefix: ā

Root: cakṣ (class 2)

पृच्छतः (pṛcchataḥ) - to me who asks (of one who asks, to one who asks)

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, singular of pṛcchat

pṛcchat - asking, inquiring

present active participle

From root 'prach' (to ask) with 'śatṛ' suffix. The root 'prach' becomes 'pṛcch' in the present stem.

Root: prach (class 6)

Note: Refers to Śaunaka himself.