महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-33, verse-1

सूत उवाच ।
मातुः सकाशात्तं शापं श्रुत्वा पन्नगसत्तमः ।
वासुकिश्चिन्तयामास शापोऽयं न भवेत्कथम् ॥१॥

1. sūta uvāca ,
mātuḥ sakāśāttaṁ śāpaṁ śrutvā pannagasattamaḥ ,
vāsukiścintayāmāsa śāpo'yaṁ na bhavetkatham.

1. sūtaḥ uvāca mātuḥ sakāśāt tam śāpam śrutvā pannagasattamaḥ
vāsukiḥ cintayāmāsa śāpaḥ ayam na bhavet katham

1. Sūta said: Having heard that curse from his mother, Vāsuki, the best among serpents, pondered, 'How can this curse be averted?'

Words meanings summery:

• सूतः (sūtaḥ) - Sūta (the narrator of the Mahābhārata) (charioteer; bard; storyteller)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (he said, spoke)

• मातुः (mātuḥ) - from his mother (Kadrū) (from the mother)

• सकाशात् (sakāśāt) - from (from the presence of, from near, from)

• तम् (tam) - that (that, him)

• शापम् (śāpam) - the curse (curse, imprecation)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• पन्नगसत्तमः (pannagasattamaḥ) - the best among serpents (Vāsuki) (best among serpents)

• वासुकिः (vāsukiḥ) - Vāsuki (Vāsuki (name of a nāga))

• चिन्तयामास (cintayāmāsa) - pondered (he thought, pondered, reflected)

• शापः (śāpaḥ) - this curse (curse)

• अयम् (ayam) - this

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• भवेत् (bhavet) - may come to pass, be averted (with 'na') (it may be, it should be, it would be)

• कथम् (katham) - how (how, in what manner)

Words meanings and morphology

सूतः (sūtaḥ) - Sūta (the narrator of the Mahābhārata) (charioteer; bard; storyteller)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sūta

sūta - charioteer; bard, herald; son of a Kṣatriya father and a Brāhmaṇa mother

from root sū (to generate, to impel)

Root: sū (class 2)

Note: Subject of 'uvāca'.

उवाच (uvāca) - said (he said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

perfect tense form of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Used to introduce speech.

मातुः (mātuḥ) - from his mother (Kadrū) (from the mother)

(noun)

Ablative, feminine, singular of mātṛ

mātṛ - mother

Note: Indicates source, used with 'sakāśāt'.

सकाशात् (sakāśāt) - from (from the presence of, from near, from)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of sakāśa

sakāśa - presence, vicinity, proximity

Compound: sa + kāśa

Compound type : avyayībhāva (sa+kāśa)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• kāśa – appearance, sight, light
  noun (masculine)
  from root kāś (to shine, appear)
  Root: kāś (class 1)

Note: Used adverbially to mean 'from'.

तम् (tam) - that (that, him)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this; he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'śāpam'.

शापम् (śāpam) - the curse (curse, imprecation)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śāpa

śāpa - curse, imprecation, malediction

from root śap (to curse)

Root: śap (class 1)

Note: Direct object of 'śrutvā'.

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(verb)

active

gerund

Absolutive (ktvā) form.

Root: śru (class 5)

पन्नगसत्तमः (pannagasattamaḥ) - the best among serpents (Vāsuki) (best among serpents)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pannagasattama

pannagasattama - best of serpents, chief of Nāgas

Compound: pannaga + sattama

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pannaga+sattama)

• pannaga – serpent, snake (lit. 'moving on its belly')
  noun (masculine)
  Compound: panna + ga
  Root: gam (class 1)
• sattama – best, most excellent, chief
  adjective (masculine)
  from sat (good, existing) + tamap suffix
  Root: as (class 2)

Note: Appositive to Vāsuki.

वासुकिः (vāsukiḥ) - Vāsuki (Vāsuki (name of a nāga))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vāsuki

vāsuki - Name of a celebrated Nāga (serpent deity), king of the Nāgas, brother of Manasa.

Note: Subject of 'cintayāmāsa'.

चिन्तयामास (cintayāmāsa) - pondered (he thought, pondered, reflected)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of cint

causative perfect

Perfect tense (liṭ) form of the causative of cint.

Root: cit (class 10)

Note: Denotes a past action of thinking.

शापः (śāpaḥ) - this curse (curse)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śāpa

śāpa - curse, imprecation, malediction

from root śap (to curse)

Root: śap (class 1)

अयम् (ayam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this here, the present

Note: Adjective to 'śāpaḥ'.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

भवेत् (bhavet) - may come to pass, be averted (with 'na') (it may be, it should be, it would be)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of bhū

Optative (vidhiliṅ) form of bhū.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: In the context of "na bhavet", it means "should not be" or "cannot be".

कथम् (katham) - how (how, in what manner)

(indeclinable)

Interrogative adverb from "kim".