महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-28, verse-16

साध्याः प्राचीं सगन्धर्वा वसवो दक्षिणां दिशम् ।
प्रजग्मुः सहिता रुद्रैः पतगेन्द्रप्रधर्षिताः ॥१६॥

16. sādhyāḥ prācīṁ sagandharvā vasavo dakṣiṇāṁ diśam ,
prajagmuḥ sahitā rudraiḥ patagendrapradharṣitāḥ.

16. sādhyāḥ prācīm sagandharvāḥ vasavaḥ dakṣiṇām diśam
prajagmuḥ sahitāḥ rudraiḥ patagendrapradharṣitāḥ

16. The Sādhyas, along with the Gandharvas, fled to the eastern direction, and the Vasus, accompanied by the Rudras, fled to the southern direction, all having been assaulted by the chief of birds.

Words meanings summery:

• साध्याः (sādhyāḥ) - the Sādhyas (a class of celestial beings)

• प्राचीम् (prācīm) - eastern

• सगन्धर्वाः (sagandharvāḥ) - together with the Gandharvas

• वसवः (vasavaḥ) - the Vasus (a class of deities)

• दक्षिणाम् (dakṣiṇām) - southern, right

• दिशम् (diśam) - direction, quarter

• प्रजग्मुः (prajagmuḥ) - went away, fled

• सहिताः (sahitāḥ) - accompanied, together with

• रुद्रैः (rudraiḥ) - by the Rudras

• पतगेन्द्रप्रधर्षिताः (patagendrapradharṣitāḥ) - assaulted by Garuda (assaulted by the chief of birds)

Words meanings and morphology

साध्याः (sādhyāḥ) - the Sādhyas (a class of celestial beings)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sādhya

sādhya - Sādhyas (a class of deities), to be accomplished, feasible

from root 'sādh' (to accomplish)

Root: sādh (class 5)

Note: subject (implied) for 'prajagmuḥ'

प्राचीम् (prācīm) - eastern

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of prācī

prācī - eastern, east direction

from 'prāñc' (going forward, eastern)

Note: modifying 'diśam'

सगन्धर्वाः (sagandharvāḥ) - together with the Gandharvas

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sagandharva

sagandharva - with Gandharvas, accompanied by Gandharvas

bahuvrīhi compound, meaning 'having Gandharvas with them' or 'together with Gandharvas'

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+gandharva)

• sa – with, together with
  prefix/indeclinable
• gandharva – Gandharva (a class of celestial musicians and spirits)
  noun (masculine)

Note: modifies 'sādhyāḥ'

वसवः (vasavaḥ) - the Vasus (a class of deities)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vasu

vasu - Vasu (a class of eight Vedic deities), wealth, good, excellent

Root: vas (class 1)

Note: subject (implied) for 'prajagmuḥ'

दक्षिणाम् (dakṣiṇām) - southern, right

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of dakṣiṇā

dakṣiṇā - southern, right, skilled, south direction

Note: modifying 'diśam'

दिशम् (diśam) - direction, quarter

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of diś

diś - direction, quarter, region

from root 'diś' (to point out)

Root: diś (class 6)

Note: object of motion

प्रजग्मुः (prajagmuḥ) - went away, fled

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (liṭ) of gam

perfect

root 'gam' (1st conjugation) with 'pra' prefix

Prefix: pra

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: main verb for 'sādhyāḥ', 'vasavaḥ' (and groups)

सहिताः (sahitāḥ) - accompanied, together with

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sahita

sahita - accompanied, joined, together with

understood as an adjective meaning 'accompanied', possibly from 'saha' (with) or as a past participle with 'saṁ-dhā'

Note: modifies 'vasavaḥ' and implicitly 'sādhyāḥ' too

रुद्रैः (rudraiḥ) - by the Rudras

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of rudra

rudra - Rudra (a Vedic deity, later Shiva), howling, roaring

from root 'rud' (to cry, roar)

Root: rud (class 2)

Note: accompanying agent with 'sahitāḥ'

पतगेन्द्रप्रधर्षिताः (patagendrapradharṣitāḥ) - assaulted by Garuda (assaulted by the chief of birds)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of patagendrapradharṣita

patagendrapradharṣita - assaulted/overpowered by the chief of birds

compound 'patagendra' (chief of birds) + 'pradharṣita' (assaulted)

Compound type : tṛtīyā-tatpuruṣa (patagendra+pradharṣita)

• patagendra – chief of birds
  noun (masculine)
  compound of 'pataga' (bird) and 'indra' (chief)
• pradharṣita – assaulted, overpowered, defeated
  participle (masculine)
  past passive participle
  from root 'dhṛṣ' (to be bold, attack) with prefix 'pra' and 'kta' suffix
  Prefix: pra
  Root: dhṛṣ (class 1)

Note: modifies 'sādhyāḥ' and 'vasavaḥ'