महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-223, verse-1

जरितारिरुवाच ।
पुरतः कृच्छ्रकालस्य धीमाञ्जागर्ति पूरुषः ।
स कृच्छ्रकालं संप्राप्य व्यथां नैवैति कर्हिचित् ॥१॥

1. jaritāriruvāca ,
purataḥ kṛcchrakālasya dhīmāñjāgarti pūruṣaḥ ,
sa kṛcchrakālaṁ saṁprāpya vyathāṁ naivaiti karhicit.

1. jaritāriḥ uvāca purataḥ kṛcchrakālasya dhīmān jāgarti pūruṣaḥ
saḥ kṛcchrakālam saṃprāpya vyathām na eva eti karhicit

1. Jaritari said: "A wise person (puruṣa) remains alert before a time of difficulty. Having then encountered that difficult time, he certainly never experiences distress (vyathā)."

Words meanings summery:

• जरितारिः (jaritāriḥ) - Jaritari

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• पुरतः (purataḥ) - in front of, before

• कृच्छ्रकालस्य (kṛcchrakālasya) - of a difficult time, of a time of distress

• धीमान् (dhīmān) - intelligent, wise, sagacious

• जागर्ति (jāgarti) - is awake, remains alert, watches

• पूरुषः (pūruṣaḥ) - person, man, cosmic person

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• कृच्छ्रकालम् (kṛcchrakālam) - a difficult time, a time of distress

• संप्राप्य (saṁprāpya) - having obtained, having reached, having encountered

• व्यथाम् (vyathām) - distress, trouble, pain

• न (na) - not, no

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

• एति (eti) - goes, comes, attains, experiences

• कर्हिचित् (karhicit) - ever, at any time, never (with negation)

Words meanings and morphology

जरितारिः (jaritāriḥ) - Jaritari

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jaritāri

jaritāri - Jaritari (proper name of a bird)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

पुरतः (purataḥ) - in front of, before

(indeclinable)

कृच्छ्रकालस्य (kṛcchrakālasya) - of a difficult time, of a time of distress

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kṛcchrakāla

kṛcchrakāla - time of difficulty, season of distress

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kṛcchra+kāla)

• kṛcchra – difficulty, distress, pain
  noun (neuter)
• kāla – time, season, period
  noun (masculine)

धीमान् (dhīmān) - intelligent, wise, sagacious

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhīmat

dhīmat - intelligent, wise, thoughtful, sagacious

Possessive suffix -mat added to dhī (intellect)

जागर्ति (jāgarti) - is awake, remains alert, watches

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of jāgṛ

Root: jāgṛ (class 2)

पूरुषः (pūruṣaḥ) - person, man, cosmic person

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of puruṣa

puruṣa - man, human being, person, male, the supreme cosmic person (puruṣa)

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, those

कृच्छ्रकालम् (kṛcchrakālam) - a difficult time, a time of distress

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kṛcchrakāla

kṛcchrakāla - time of difficulty, season of distress

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kṛcchra+kāla)

• kṛcchra – difficulty, distress, pain
  noun (neuter)
• kāla – time, season, period
  noun (masculine)

संप्राप्य (saṁprāpya) - having obtained, having reached, having encountered

(indeclinable)

absolutive/gerund

Formed with upasargas sam- and pra- from root āp (to obtain), with suffix -ya for absolutive.

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: āp (class 5)

व्यथाम् (vyathām) - distress, trouble, pain

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vyathā

vyathā - distress, trouble, pain, agitation

Root: vyath (class 1)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

(indeclinable)

एति (eti) - goes, comes, attains, experiences

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of i

Root: i (class 2)

कर्हिचित् (karhicit) - ever, at any time, never (with negation)

(indeclinable)

When used with 'na', it means 'never'.