महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-209, verse-15

सर्वा हृष्टाः स्म तं दृष्ट्वा देवर्षिममितद्युतिम् ।
अभिवाद्य च तं पार्थ स्थिताः स्म व्यथिताननाः ॥१५॥

15. sarvā hṛṣṭāḥ sma taṁ dṛṣṭvā devarṣimamitadyutim ,
abhivādya ca taṁ pārtha sthitāḥ sma vyathitānanāḥ.

15. sarvāḥ hṛṣṭāḥ sma tam dṛṣṭvā devarṣim amitadyutim
| abhivādya ca tam pārtha sthitāḥ sma vyathitānanāḥ

15. All of us were joyful upon seeing him, the divine sage of immeasurable splendor. Yet, after saluting him, O son of Pṛthā (pārtha), we stood with distressed faces.

Words meanings summery:

• सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all of us (all, every)

• हृष्टाः (hṛṣṭāḥ) - joyful (joyful, happy, glad)

• स्म (sma) - were (an indeclinable particle, used to turn a present verb into past, or with past participle to emphasize past)

• तम् (tam) - him (the divine sage) (him, that)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - upon seeing (having seen, seeing)

• देवर्षिम् (devarṣim) - the divine sage (divine sage)

• अमितद्युतिम् (amitadyutim) - of immeasurable splendor (of immeasurable splendor, having endless brilliance)

• अभिवाद्य (abhivādya) - after saluting (having saluted, having greeted, having bowed down)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• तम् (tam) - him (the divine sage) (him, that)

• पार्थ (pārtha) - O son of Pṛthā (O son of Pṛthā (Kuntī))

• स्थिताः (sthitāḥ) - stood (standing, situated, remained)

• स्म (sma) - we stood (an indeclinable particle, used to turn a present verb into past, or with past participle to emphasize past)

• व्यथिताननाः (vyathitānanāḥ) - with distressed faces (having distressed faces, with troubled countenances)

Words meanings and morphology

सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all of us (all, every)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

हृष्टाः (hṛṣṭāḥ) - joyful (joyful, happy, glad)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of hṛṣṭa

hṛṣṭa - joyful, happy, glad, pleased, excited

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root hṛṣ (to be excited, delighted)

Root: hṛṣ (class 4)

Note: Used here to denote a past action with 'sma'.

स्म (sma) - were (an indeclinable particle, used to turn a present verb into past, or with past participle to emphasize past)

(indeclinable)

तम् (tam) - him (the divine sage) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - upon seeing (having seen, seeing)

(indeclinable)

Gerund (Absolutive)

Derived from root dṛś (to see)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

देवर्षिम् (devarṣim) - the divine sage (divine sage)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of devarṣi

devarṣi - divine sage; a sage of the divine order

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (deva+ṛṣi)

• deva – god, deity, divine
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣi – sage, seer, inspired poet
  noun (masculine)

अमितद्युतिम् (amitadyutim) - of immeasurable splendor (of immeasurable splendor, having endless brilliance)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of amitadyuti

amitadyuti - of immeasurable splendor

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (amita+dyuti)

• amita – immeasurable, infinite, boundless
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root mā (to measure) with prefix a (not)
  Prefix: a
  Root: mā (class 2)
• dyuti – splendor, brilliance, light, luster
  noun (feminine)

Note: Qualifies 'devarṣim'.

अभिवाद्य (abhivādya) - after saluting (having saluted, having greeted, having bowed down)

(indeclinable)

Gerund (Absolutive)

Derived from root vad (to speak) with prefix abhi

Prefix: abhi

Root: vad (class 1)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

तम् (tam) - him (the divine sage) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

पार्थ (pārtha) - O son of Pṛthā (O son of Pṛthā (Kuntī))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (a name for Yudhiṣṭhira, Bhīma, Arjuna)

Note: Addressed to a listener, likely Yudhishthira or Arjuna.

स्थिताः (sthitāḥ) - stood (standing, situated, remained)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of sthita

sthita - standing, situated, firm, stable, existing, remaining

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root sthā (to stand)

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Used here to denote a past action with 'sma'.

स्म (sma) - we stood (an indeclinable particle, used to turn a present verb into past, or with past participle to emphasize past)

(indeclinable)

व्यथिताननाः (vyathitānanāḥ) - with distressed faces (having distressed faces, with troubled countenances)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of vyathitānana

vyathitānana - having distressed faces

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vyathita+ānana)

• vyathita – distressed, troubled, pained, agitated
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root vyath (to be agitated, pained)
  Root: vyath (class 1)
• ānana – face, mouth
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies 'sarvāḥ' (understood as 'we').