महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-209, verse-15

सर्वा हृष्टाः स्म तं दृष्ट्वा देवर्षिममितद्युतिम् ।
अभिवाद्य च तं पार्थ स्थिताः स्म व्यथिताननाः ॥१५॥

15. sarvā hṛṣṭāḥ sma taṁ dṛṣṭvā devarṣimamitadyutim ,
abhivādya ca taṁ pārtha sthitāḥ sma vyathitānanāḥ.

15. sarvāḥ hṛṣṭāḥ sma tam dṛṣṭvā devarṣim amitadyutim
| abhivādya ca tam pārtha sthitāḥ sma vyathitānanāḥ

15. All of us were joyful upon seeing him, the divine sage of immeasurable splendor. Yet, after saluting him, O son of Pṛthā (pārtha), we stood with distressed faces.

15. כולנו שמחנו לראות את אותו חוזה שמימי, בעל הזוהר שאין לו מידה. הו פָּארְתְהַא, קדנו לו קידה ועמדנו שם ופנינו נוגות.

Words meanings summery:

• सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all of us (all, every)

• हृष्टाः (hṛṣṭāḥ) - joyful (joyful, happy, glad)

• स्म (sma) - were (an indeclinable particle, used to turn a present verb into past, or with past participle to emphasize past)

• तम् (tam) - him (the divine sage) (him, that)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - upon seeing (having seen, seeing)

• देवर्षिम् (devarṣim) - the divine sage (divine sage)

• अमितद्युतिम् (amitadyutim) - of immeasurable splendor (of immeasurable splendor, having endless brilliance)

• अभिवाद्य (abhivādya) - after saluting (having saluted, having greeted, having bowed down)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• तम् (tam) - him (the divine sage) (him, that)

• पार्थ (pārtha) - O son of Pṛthā (O son of Pṛthā (Kuntī))

• स्थिताः (sthitāḥ) - stood (standing, situated, remained)

• स्म (sma) - we stood (an indeclinable particle, used to turn a present verb into past, or with past participle to emphasize past)

• व्यथिताननाः (vyathitānanāḥ) - with distressed faces (having distressed faces, with troubled countenances)

Words meanings and morphology

सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all of us (all, every)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

हृष्टाः (hṛṣṭāḥ) - joyful (joyful, happy, glad)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of hṛṣṭa

hṛṣṭa - joyful, happy, glad, pleased, excited

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root hṛṣ (to be excited, delighted)

Root: hṛṣ (class 4)

Note: Used here to denote a past action with 'sma'.

स्म (sma) - were (an indeclinable particle, used to turn a present verb into past, or with past participle to emphasize past)

(indeclinable)

तम् (tam) - him (the divine sage) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - upon seeing (having seen, seeing)

(indeclinable)

Gerund (Absolutive)

Derived from root dṛś (to see)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

देवर्षिम् (devarṣim) - the divine sage (divine sage)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of devarṣi

devarṣi - divine sage; a sage of the divine order

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (deva+ṛṣi)

• deva – god, deity, divine
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣi – sage, seer, inspired poet
  noun (masculine)

अमितद्युतिम् (amitadyutim) - of immeasurable splendor (of immeasurable splendor, having endless brilliance)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of amitadyuti

amitadyuti - of immeasurable splendor

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (amita+dyuti)

• amita – immeasurable, infinite, boundless
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root mā (to measure) with prefix a (not)
  Prefix: a
  Root: mā (class 2)
• dyuti – splendor, brilliance, light, luster
  noun (feminine)

Note: Qualifies 'devarṣim'.

अभिवाद्य (abhivādya) - after saluting (having saluted, having greeted, having bowed down)

(indeclinable)

Gerund (Absolutive)

Derived from root vad (to speak) with prefix abhi

Prefix: abhi

Root: vad (class 1)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

तम् (tam) - him (the divine sage) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

पार्थ (pārtha) - O son of Pṛthā (O son of Pṛthā (Kuntī))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (a name for Yudhiṣṭhira, Bhīma, Arjuna)

Note: Addressed to a listener, likely Yudhishthira or Arjuna.

स्थिताः (sthitāḥ) - stood (standing, situated, remained)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of sthita

sthita - standing, situated, firm, stable, existing, remaining

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root sthā (to stand)

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Used here to denote a past action with 'sma'.

स्म (sma) - we stood (an indeclinable particle, used to turn a present verb into past, or with past participle to emphasize past)

(indeclinable)

व्यथिताननाः (vyathitānanāḥ) - with distressed faces (having distressed faces, with troubled countenances)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of vyathitānana

vyathitānana - having distressed faces

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vyathita+ānana)

• vyathita – distressed, troubled, pained, agitated
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root vyath (to be agitated, pained)
  Root: vyath (class 1)
• ānana – face, mouth
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies 'sarvāḥ' (understood as 'we').

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