महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-209, verse-12

वर्गोवाच ।
ततोऽभिवाद्य तं विप्रं कृत्वा चैव प्रदक्षिणम् ।
अचिन्तयामोपसृत्य तस्माद्देशात्सुदुःखिताः ॥१२॥

12. vargovāca ,
tato'bhivādya taṁ vipraṁ kṛtvā caiva pradakṣiṇam ,
acintayāmopasṛtya tasmāddeśātsuduḥkhitāḥ.

12. vargaḥ uvāca tataḥ abhivādya taṃ vipraṃ kṛtvā ca eva
pradakṣiṇam acintayāma upasṛtya tasmāt deśāt suduḥkhitāḥ

12. Varga said: Then, having saluted that brahmin and performed circumambulation, we, greatly distressed, retired from that place and pondered.

Words meanings summery:

• वर्गः (vargaḥ) - Varga, one of the celestial nymphs (Apsaras) (Varga)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

• अभिवाद्य (abhivādya) - having saluted, having honored, having paid homage

• तं (taṁ) - him, that

• विप्रं (vipraṁ) - brahmin, wise man

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, having made, having performed

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, exactly

• प्रदक्षिणम् (pradakṣiṇam) - circumambulation (clockwise)

• अचिन्तयाम (acintayāma) - we pondered, we thought, we were anxious

• उपसृत्य (upasṛtya) - having retired/moved away from (the brahmin's presence) (having approached, having resorted to, having retired)

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - from that

• देशात् (deśāt) - from the place, from the country

• सुदुख्हिताः (sudukhhitāḥ) - very distressed, greatly sorrowful

Words meanings and morphology

वर्गः (vargaḥ) - Varga, one of the celestial nymphs (Apsaras) (Varga)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of varga

varga - class, group; Varga (proper name)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular

Root: vac (class 2)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

(indeclinable)

अभिवाद्य (abhivādya) - having saluted, having honored, having paid homage

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Absolutive (gerund) formed with suffix -ya after verb with prefix.

Prefix: abhi

Root: vad (class 1)

तं (taṁ) - him, that

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

विप्रं (vipraṁ) - brahmin, wise man

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vipra

vipra - a brahmin, a sage, a wise man, inspired

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, having made, having performed

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Absolutive (gerund) formed with suffix -tvā.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, exactly

(indeclinable)

प्रदक्षिणम् (pradakṣiṇam) - circumambulation (clockwise)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pradakṣiṇa

pradakṣiṇa - circumambulation with the right side turned towards a person or object of reverence, auspicious movement

अचिन्तयाम (acintayāma) - we pondered, we thought, we were anxious

(verb)

1st person , plural, active, imperfect (laṅ) of cint

Imperfect tense, 1st person plural. Causative stem of root cit.

Root: cit (class 10)

उपसृत्य (upasṛtya) - having retired/moved away from (the brahmin's presence) (having approached, having resorted to, having retired)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Absolutive (gerund) formed with suffix -ya after verb with prefix.

Prefix: upa

Root: sṛ (class 1)

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - from that

(pronoun)

Ablative, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

देशात् (deśāt) - from the place, from the country

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of deśa

deśa - place, region, country

सुदुख्हिताः (sudukhhitāḥ) - very distressed, greatly sorrowful

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of suduḥkhita

suduḥkhita - greatly distressed, very unhappy, extremely sorrowful

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+duḥkhita)

• su – good, well, very
  indeclinable
• duḥkhita – distressed, sorrowful, made unhappy
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle of root duḥkh (to suffer)
  Root: duḥkh (class 1)