महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-209, verse-1

वर्गोवाच ।
ततो वयं प्रव्यथिताः सर्वा भरतसत्तम ।
आयाम शरणं विप्रं तं तपोधनमच्युतम् ॥१॥

1. vargovāca ,
tato vayaṁ pravyathitāḥ sarvā bharatasattama ,
āyāma śaraṇaṁ vipraṁ taṁ tapodhanamacyutam.

1. vargaḥ uvāca | tataḥ vayam pravyathitāḥ sarvāḥ
bharatasattama | āyam śaraṇam vipram tam tapodhanam acyutam

1. The group said: 'Then we, all greatly distressed, O best of Bharatas, sought refuge in that Brahmin, that one rich in austerity (tapas), that infallible one.'

Words meanings summery:

• वर्गः (vargaḥ) - group, class, multitude

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, afterwards

• वयम् (vayam) - we

• प्रव्यथिताः (pravyathitāḥ) - greatly distressed, agitated

• सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all, every (feminine plural)

• भरतसत्तम (bharatasattama) - O best of Bharatas

• आयम् (āyam) - we went, we approached

• शरणम् (śaraṇam) - refuge, shelter

• विप्रम् (vipram) - Brahmin

• तम् (tam) - that, him

• तपोधनम् (tapodhanam) - one whose wealth is austerity, ascetic

• अच्युतम् (acyutam) - infallible, imperishable, firm

Words meanings and morphology

वर्गः (vargaḥ) - group, class, multitude

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of varga

varga - group, division, class

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, afterwards

(indeclinable)

वयम् (vayam) - we

(pronoun)

Nominative, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

प्रव्यथिताः (pravyathitāḥ) - greatly distressed, agitated

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of pravyathita

pravyathita - greatly distressed, agitated, disturbed

Past Passive Participle

Prefixes: pra+vi

Root: vyath (class 1)

सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all, every (feminine plural)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

भरतसत्तम (bharatasattama) - O best of Bharatas

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bharatasattama

bharatasattama - best of Bharatas

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (bharata+sattama)

• bharata – Bharata (proper noun), descendant of Bharata
  proper noun (masculine)
• sattama – best, most excellent
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
  Superlative suffix tama

आयम् (āyam) - we went, we approached

(verb)

1st person , plural, active, aorist (luṅ) of i

Prefix: ā

Root: i (class 2)

शरणम् (śaraṇam) - refuge, shelter

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śaraṇa

śaraṇa - refuge, protection, shelter

विप्रम् (vipram) - Brahmin

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vipra

vipra - inspired, a wise man, a Brahmin

तम् (tam) - that, him

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तपोधनम् (tapodhanam) - one whose wealth is austerity, ascetic

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tapodhana

tapodhana - one whose wealth is austerity (tapas), an ascetic

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (tapas+dhana)

• tapas – austerity, penance
  noun (neuter)
• dhana – wealth, property
  noun (neuter)

अच्युतम् (acyutam) - infallible, imperishable, firm

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of acyuta

acyuta - infallible, firm, imperishable, not fallen

Compound type : Nañ-Tatpuruṣa (a+cyuta)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• cyuta – fallen, dropped
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Root: cyu (class 1)