महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-202, verse-21

सिंहौ भूत्वा पुनर्व्याघ्रौ पुनश्चान्तर्हितावुभौ ।
तैस्तैरुपायैस्तौ क्रूरावृषीन्दृष्ट्वा निजघ्नतुः ॥२१॥

21. siṁhau bhūtvā punarvyāghrau punaścāntarhitāvubhau ,
taistairupāyaistau krūrāvṛṣīndṛṣṭvā nijaghnatuḥ.

21. siṃhau bhūtvā punaḥ vyāghrau punaḥ ca antarhitau ubhau
taiḥ taiḥ upāyaiḥ tau krūrau ṛṣīn dṛṣṭvā nijaghntuḥ

21. Assuming the forms of lions, and then tigers again, and then both vanishing, those two cruel beings, employing various such methods, found and killed the sages (ṛṣis).

Words meanings summery:

• सिंहौ (siṁhau) - two lions

• भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having become

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, furthermore

• व्याघ्रौ (vyāghrau) - two tigers

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, furthermore

• च (ca) - and

• अन्तर्हितौ (antarhitau) - disappeared, hidden

• उभौ (ubhau) - both

• तैः (taiḥ) - by those

• तैः (taiḥ) - by those

• उपायैः (upāyaiḥ) - by means, by methods, by devices

• तौ (tau) - those two

• क्रूरौ (krūrau) - cruel, fierce

• ऋषीन् (ṛṣīn) - sages

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

• निजघ्न्तुः (nijaghntuḥ) - they killed, they struck down

Words meanings and morphology

सिंहौ (siṁhau) - two lions

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of siṃha

siṁha - lion

भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having become

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from √bhū (to be) + tvā suffix

Root: √bhū (class 1)

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, furthermore

(indeclinable)

व्याघ्रौ (vyāghrau) - two tigers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of vyāghra

vyāghra - tiger

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, furthermore

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अन्तर्हितौ (antarhitau) - disappeared, hidden

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, dual of antarhita

antarhita - disappeared, hidden, vanished

Past Passive Participle

From antar- (prefix) + √dhā (to place, put) + kta suffix

Prefix: antar

Root: √dhā (class 3)

Note: Agrees with ubhau.

उभौ (ubhau) - both

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of ubha

ubha - both

Note: Refers to the two asuras.

तैः (taiḥ) - by those

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Used with repetition taiḥ taiḥ to mean 'by various such'.

तैः (taiḥ) - by those

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Used with repetition taiḥ taiḥ to mean 'by various such'. Agrees with upāyaiḥ.

उपायैः (upāyaiḥ) - by means, by methods, by devices

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of upāya

upāya - means, method, device, stratagem

Prefix: upa

Root: √i (class 2)

तौ (tau) - those two

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to the two asuras.

क्रूरौ (krūrau) - cruel, fierce

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of krūra

krūra - cruel, fierce, harsh, dreadful

Note: Agrees with tau.

ऋषीन् (ṛṣīn) - sages

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, seer, inspired poet

Note: Object of 'nijaghntuḥ'.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from √dṛś (to see) + tvā suffix

Root: √dṛś (class 1)

निजघ्न्तुः (nijaghntuḥ) - they killed, they struck down

(verb)

3rd person , dual, active, perfect (lit) of nihan

From ni- (prefix) + √han (to strike, kill) in Perfect tense

Prefix: ni

Root: √han (class 2)