महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-151, verse-20

तयोर्वेगेन महता पृथिवी समकम्पत ।
पादपांश्च महाकायांश्चूर्णयामासतुस्तदा ॥२०॥

20. tayorvegena mahatā pṛthivī samakampata ,
pādapāṁśca mahākāyāṁścūrṇayāmāsatustadā.

20. tayoḥ vegena mahatā pṛthivī samakampata
pādapān ca mahākāyān cūrṇayām āsatuḥ tadā

20. The earth trembled with their great force, and they then crushed huge trees.

Words meanings summery:

• तयोः (tayoḥ) - of them (Bhima and the demon) (of the two)

• वेगेन (vegena) - by the force, by the speed

• महता (mahatā) - by great, by mighty

• पृथिवी (pṛthivī) - the earth

• समकम्पत (samakampata) - trembled, shook

• पादपान् (pādapān) - trees

• च (ca) - and, also

• महाकायान् (mahākāyān) - huge-bodied, gigantic

• चूर्णयाम् (cūrṇayām) - as part of a periphrastic perfect verb 'cūrṇayām āsatuḥ' (powdered, crushed)

• आसतुः (āsatuḥ) - they two did (as an auxiliary verb with cūrṇayām) (they two did (auxiliary verb))

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

Words meanings and morphology

तयोः (tayoḥ) - of them (Bhima and the demon) (of the two)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

वेगेन (vegena) - by the force, by the speed

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vega

vega - force, speed, impetus

महता (mahatā) - by great, by mighty

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, mighty, large

पृथिवी (pṛthivī) - the earth

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of pṛthivī

pṛthivī - earth, ground, land

समकम्पत (samakampata) - trembled, shook

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of sam-kamp

Imperfect Middle

root kamp with upasarga sam, imperfect tense, middle voice, 3rd person singular

Prefix: sam

Root: kamp (class 1)

पादपान् (pādapān) - trees

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pādapa

pādapa - tree (literally 'foot-drinker')

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pāda+pa)

• pāda – foot, root (of a tree)
  noun (masculine)
• pa – drinker, protector
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root pā (to drink)
  Root: pā (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

महाकायान् (mahākāyān) - huge-bodied, gigantic

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of mahākāya

mahākāya - huge-bodied, gigantic

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+kāya)

• mahat – great, large
  adjective
• kāya – body
  noun (masculine)

चूर्णयाम् (cūrṇayām) - as part of a periphrastic perfect verb 'cūrṇayām āsatuḥ' (powdered, crushed)

(verb)

Periphrastic Perfect auxiliary stem

This is the ām suffix used with causative/denominative verbs to form periphrastic perfect. cūrṇaya is from cūrṇa (powder) as a denominative verb.

Root: cūrṇ (class 10)

आसतुः (āsatuḥ) - they two did (as an auxiliary verb with cūrṇayām) (they two did (auxiliary verb))

(verb)

3rd person , dual, active, perfect (lit) of as

Perfect Active

root as (to be), perfect tense, active voice, 3rd person dual

Root: as (class 2)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)