महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-147, verse-21

मा रोदीस्तात मा मातर्मा स्वसस्त्वमिति ब्रुवन् ।
प्रहसन्निव सर्वांस्तानेकैकं सोऽपसर्पति ॥२१॥

21. mā rodīstāta mā mātarmā svasastvamiti bruvan ,
prahasanniva sarvāṁstānekaikaṁ so'pasarpati.

21. mā rodīḥ tāta mā mātaḥ mā svasaḥ tvam iti bruvan
prahasan iva sarvān tān ekaikam saḥ apasarati

21. Saying, 'Do not cry, father! Do not cry, mother! Do not cry, sister!' he approached them all, one by one, as if laughing.

Words meanings summery:

• मा (mā) - do not

• रोदीः (rodīḥ) - cry, weep

• तात (tāta) - father, dear one

• मा (mā) - do not

• मातः (mātaḥ) - mother

• मा (mā) - do not

• स्वसः (svasaḥ) - sister

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• इति (iti) - thus, so, saying

• ब्रुवन् (bruvan) - saying, speaking

• प्रहसन् (prahasan) - laughing, smiling

• इव (iva) - as if, like, as

• सर्वान् (sarvān) - all, every

• तान् (tān) - them

• एकैकम् (ekaikam) - one by one, individually

• सः (saḥ) - he

• अपसरति (apasarati) - approaches (approaches, goes near, moves away (context dependent))

Words meanings and morphology

मा (mā) - do not

(indeclinable)

रोदीः (rodīḥ) - cry, weep

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of rud

Root: rud (class 2)

तात (tāta) - father, dear one

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of tāta

tāta - father, dear one, sir

मा (mā) - do not

(indeclinable)

मातः (mātaḥ) - mother

(noun)

Vocative, feminine, singular of mātṛ

mātṛ - mother

मा (mā) - do not

(indeclinable)

स्वसः (svasaḥ) - sister

(noun)

Vocative, feminine, singular of svasṛ

svasṛ - sister

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

इति (iti) - thus, so, saying

(indeclinable)

ब्रुवन् (bruvan) - saying, speaking

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bruvat

bruvat - saying, speaking, telling

Present Active Participle

derived from root brū (to speak)

Root: brū (class 2)

प्रहसन् (prahasan) - laughing, smiling

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prahasant

prahasant - laughing, smiling, mocking

Present Active Participle

derived from root has (to laugh) with prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: has (class 1)

इव (iva) - as if, like, as

(indeclinable)

सर्वान् (sarvān) - all, every

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

तान् (tān) - them

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

एकैकम् (ekaikam) - one by one, individually

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ekaika

ekaika - one by one, each one, single

Repetitive compound (dvandva-like for distribution)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (eka+eka)

• eka – one, single, sole
  numeral (masculine)
• eka – one, single, sole
  numeral (masculine)

Note: Used distributively, often behaves like an indeclinable.

सः (saḥ) - he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अपसरति (apasarati) - approaches (approaches, goes near, moves away (context dependent))

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of apasṛ

Prefix: apa

Root: sṛ (class 1)