महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-147, verse-2

किमिदं भृशदुःखार्तौ रोरवीथो अनाथवत् ।
ममापि श्रूयतां किंचिच्छ्रुत्वा च क्रियतां क्षमम् ॥२॥

2. kimidaṁ bhṛśaduḥkhārtau roravītho anāthavat ,
mamāpi śrūyatāṁ kiṁcicchrutvā ca kriyatāṁ kṣamam.

2. kim idam bhṛśaduḥkha ārtau roravīthaḥ anāthavat
mama api śrūyatām kiñcit śrutvā ca kriyatām kṣamam

2. Why are you two, greatly afflicted by sorrow, crying out like orphans? Let something be heard from me too; and having heard it, let what is suitable be done.

Words meanings summery:

• किम् (kim) - what, why

• इदम् (idam) - this

• भृशदुःखार्तौ (bhṛśaduḥkhārtau) - two greatly afflicted by sorrow

• रोरवीथः (roravīthaḥ) - you two are crying loudly, wailing

• अनाथवत् (anāthavat) - like an orphan, helpless

• मम (mama) - my, of me

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• श्रूयताम् (śrūyatām) - let it be heard, may it be heard

• किञ्चित् (kiñcit) - something, anything

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• च (ca) - and, also

• क्रियताम् (kriyatām) - let it be done, may it be performed

• क्षमम् (kṣamam) - suitable, proper, fit

Words meanings and morphology

किम् (kim) - what, why

(indeclinable)

Note: Used here as an interrogative adverb 'why'.

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, here

Neuter nominative singular of 'idam'.

Note: Refers to the current situation.

भृशदुःखार्तौ (bhṛśaduḥkhārtau) - two greatly afflicted by sorrow

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of bhṛśaduḥkhārta

bhṛśaduḥkhārta - greatly afflicted by sorrow, intensely distressed

Tatpurusha compound: afflicted (ārta) by intense sorrow (bhṛśaduḥkha).

Compound type : tatpurusha (bhṛśaduḥkha+ārta)

• bhṛśaduḥkha – intense sorrow
  noun (neuter)
  Karmadharaya compound: bhṛśa (intense) + duḥkha (sorrow).
• ārta – afflicted, distressed, suffering
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √ṛ (to go, to suffer) with prefix ā-.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: ṛ (class 3)

Note: Agrees with the implied subject of `roravīthaḥ`.

रोरवीथः (roravīthaḥ) - you two are crying loudly, wailing

(verb)

2nd person , dual, active, present (laṭ) of ru

Intensive Reduplicated Present

From root √ru (to cry, roar). Intensive/frequentative form. 2nd person dual present active.

Root: ru (class 2)

Note: Refers to the two addressed individuals.

अनाथवत् (anāthavat) - like an orphan, helpless

(indeclinable)

Derived from anātha (without a protector/lord) with the suffix -vat (like, similar to).

Note: Adverbial, modifying `roravīthaḥ`.

मम (mama) - my, of me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of aham

aham - I, myself

Genitive singular of the first person pronoun 'aham'.

Note: Functions as 'from me' in the context of 'let it be heard'.

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes 'from me too'.

श्रूयताम् (śrūyatām) - let it be heard, may it be heard

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, imperative (lot) of śru

Imperative Passive

From root √śru (to hear). 3rd person singular imperative passive.

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Its implied subject is `kiñcit`.

किञ्चित् (kiñcit) - something, anything

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kiñcit

kiñcit - something, a little, anything

Indeclinable form of kim-cid, meaning 'something' or 'a little'. Can function as a pronoun or adverb.

Note: Subject of `śrūyatām`.

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root √śru (to hear) with the suffix -tvā.

Root: śru (class 5)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

क्रियताम् (kriyatām) - let it be done, may it be performed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, imperative (lot) of kṛ

Imperative Passive

From root √kṛ (to do, make). 3rd person singular imperative passive.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Its implied subject is `kṣamam`.

क्षमम् (kṣamam) - suitable, proper, fit

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṣama

kṣama - suitable, proper, fit, capable, patient

From root √kṣam (to be patient, capable).

Root: kṣam (class 1)

Note: Implied subject of `kriyatām`.