महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-141, verse-3

मय्येव प्रहरैहि त्वं न स्त्रियं हन्तुमर्हसि ।
विशेषतोऽनपकृते परेणापकृते सति ॥३॥

3. mayyeva praharaihi tvaṁ na striyaṁ hantumarhasi ,
viśeṣato'napakṛte pareṇāpakṛte sati.

3. mayi eva praharaihi tvam na striyam hantum
arhasi | viśeṣataḥ anapakṛte pareṇa apakṛte sati

3. You should strike me directly; you ought not to kill a woman, especially one who has not harmed you, even if you yourself have been wronged by another.

Words meanings summery:

• मयि (mayi) - in me, on me, concerning me

• एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, certainly

• प्रहरैहि (praharaihi) - strike (me) (strike, attack)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• न (na) - not, no

• स्त्रियम् (striyam) - woman, female

• हन्तुम् (hantum) - to kill, to strike, to slay

• अर्हसि (arhasi) - you are able, you ought, you deserve

• विशेषतः (viśeṣataḥ) - especially, particularly, specifically

• अनपकृते (anapakṛte) - to a woman who has not harmed (to one who has not been wronged, to one who has not harmed)

• परेण (pareṇa) - by another person (e.g., Lakṣmaṇa in context) (by another, by another person)

• अपकृते (apakṛte) - you (the addressee) having been wronged (wronged, harmed, injured, offended)

• सति (sati) - being, existing, when there is

Words meanings and morphology

मयि (mayi) - in me, on me, concerning me

(pronoun)

Locative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, certainly

(indeclinable)

प्रहरैहि (praharaihi) - strike (me) (strike, attack)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, optative/imperative (liṅ/loṭ) of pra-hṛ

optative-like or imperative-like form (likely a scribal error for prahareḥ or prahara)

From prefix 'pra' and root 'hṛ' (class 1, 'harati'). The form 'praharaihi' is non-standard. It is interpreted as an optative 2nd person singular 'prahareḥ' or imperative 'prahara' for meaning 'you should strike'/'strike'.

Prefix: pra

Root: hṛ (class 1)

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

स्त्रियम् (striyam) - woman, female

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of strī

strī - woman, female, wife

हन्तुम् (hantum) - to kill, to strike, to slay

(indeclinable)

infinitive

Infinitive form from root 'han' (class 2, 'hanti').

Root: han (class 2)

अर्हसि (arhasi) - you are able, you ought, you deserve

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh

present active indicative

Present active indicative, 2nd person singular, from root 'arh' (class 1, 'arhati').

Root: arh (class 1)

विशेषतः (viśeṣataḥ) - especially, particularly, specifically

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'viśeṣa' (distinction, specific) with the suffix '-tas'.

अनपकृते (anapakṛte) - to a woman who has not harmed (to one who has not been wronged, to one who has not harmed)

(adjective)

Locative, feminine, singular of anapakṛta

anapakṛta - not wronged, not harmed, not injured

Past Passive Participle (negative compound)

Negative 'an-' + 'apakṛta'. 'Apakṛta' is the past passive participle of 'apa-kṛ' (to injure, harm).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (an+apakṛta)

• an – un-, not
  prefix
  Negative prefix.
• apakṛta – wronged, harmed, injured
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Past passive participle of 'apa-kṛ' (to injure, harm).
  Prefix: apa
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with an implied feminine noun in locative, referring to the woman.

परेण (pareṇa) - by another person (e.g., Lakṣmaṇa in context) (by another, by another person)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of para

para - other, another, supreme, distant

अपकृते (apakṛte) - you (the addressee) having been wronged (wronged, harmed, injured, offended)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of apakṛta

apakṛta - wronged, harmed, injured, offended

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of 'apa-kṛ' (to injure, harm, offend).

Prefix: apa

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with an implied masculine noun in locative, referring to the one who has been wronged (e.g., the addressee).

सति (sati) - being, existing, when there is

(adjective)

Locative, masculine/neuter, singular of sat

sat - being, existing, good, virtuous

Present Active Participle (Masculine/Neuter Locative Singular)

Present active participle of 'as' (to be, class 2, 'asti'). Used here in a locative absolute construction.

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Forms a locative absolute construction '...sati' meaning 'when ... is' or 'while ... is'.