महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-141, verse-13

हिडिम्ब उवाच ।
गर्जितेन वृथा किं ते कत्थितेन च मानुष ।
कृत्वैतत्कर्मणा सर्वं कत्थेथा मा चिरं कृथाः ॥१३॥

13. hiḍimba uvāca ,
garjitena vṛthā kiṁ te katthitena ca mānuṣa ,
kṛtvaitatkarmaṇā sarvaṁ katthethā mā ciraṁ kṛthāḥ.

13. hiḍimba uvāca garjitena vṛthā kim te katthitena ca mānuṣa
kṛtvā etat karmaṇā sarvam katthetāḥ mā ciram kṛthāḥ

13. Hiḍimba said: "O human, what is the use of your roaring and boasting in vain? You should boast only after accomplishing everything by action. Do not delay!"

Words meanings summery:

• हिडिम्ब (hiḍimba) - Hiḍimba (name of a Rākṣasa)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• गर्जितेन (garjitena) - by roaring, by thundering

• वृथा (vṛthā) - in vain, uselessly, fruitlessly

• किम् (kim) - what, why, what use

• ते (te) - to you, for you, your

• कत्थितेन (katthitena) - by boasting, by praising oneself

• च (ca) - and, also

• मानुष (mānuṣa) - O human, O man

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, having made

• एतत् (etat) - this

• कर्मणा (karmaṇā) - by action, by work

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, everything, whole

• कत्थेताः (katthetāḥ) - you should boast, you may boast

• मा (mā) - not, do not (prohibitive)

• चिरम् (ciram) - for a long time, long

• कृथाः (kṛthāḥ) - you should do, you make (prohibitive: do not do)

Words meanings and morphology

हिडिम्ब (hiḍimba) - Hiḍimba (name of a Rākṣasa)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hiḍimba

hiḍimba - Hiḍimba, a Rākṣasa

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect tense form of √vac

Root: vac (class 2)

गर्जितेन (garjitena) - by roaring, by thundering

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of garjita

garjita - roared, thundered, a roar, thunder

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √garj ('to roar') with suffix -ta

Root: garj (class 1)

वृथा (vṛthā) - in vain, uselessly, fruitlessly

(indeclinable)

किम् (kim) - what, why, what use

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - to you, for you, your

(pronoun)

singular of tvad

tvad - you

कत्थितेन (katthitena) - by boasting, by praising oneself

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of katthita

katthita - boasted, praised, a boast

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √katth ('to boast') with suffix -ta

Root: katth (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

मानुष (mānuṣa) - O human, O man

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mānuṣa

mānuṣa - human, man, offspring of Manu

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, having made

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

Derived from root √kṛ ('to do') with suffix -tvā

Root: kṛ (class 8)

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, that

कर्मणा (karmaṇā) - by action, by work

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of karman

karman - action, deed, work, ritual (karma)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, everything, whole

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

कत्थेताः (katthetāḥ) - you should boast, you may boast

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, optative (liṅ) of katth

Optative mood, Ātmanepada, 2nd person singular

Root: katth (class 1)

मा (mā) - not, do not (prohibitive)

(indeclinable)

चिरम् (ciram) - for a long time, long

(indeclinable)

Note: Used here as an adverb in accusative form

कृथाः (kṛthāḥ) - you should do, you make (prohibitive: do not do)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, aorist (injunction) (luṅ) of kṛ

Aorist tense, 2nd person singular, used with mā for prohibition

Root: kṛ (class 8)