दुर्गा-सप्तशती
durgā-saptaśatī
-
chapter-3, verse-24
निपात्य प्रमथानीकमभ्यधावत सोऽसुरः ।
सिंहं हन्तुं महादेव्याः कोपं चक्रे ततोऽम्बिका ॥२४॥
सिंहं हन्तुं महादेव्याः कोपं चक्रे ततोऽम्बिका ॥२४॥
24. nipātya pramathānīkamabhyadhāvata so'suraḥ .
siṃhaṃ hantuṃ mahādevyāḥ kopaṃ cakre tato'mbikā.
siṃhaṃ hantuṃ mahādevyāḥ kopaṃ cakre tato'mbikā.
24.
nipātya pramathānīkam abhyadhāvata saḥ asuraḥ
siṃham hantum mahādevyāḥ kopam cakre tataḥ ambikā
siṃham hantum mahādevyāḥ kopam cakre tataḥ ambikā
24.
Having overthrown the host of Pramathas, that demon (Mahiṣāsura) rushed towards the lion to kill it. Then, Ambikā became enraged on behalf of the Great Goddess.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- निपात्य (nipātya) - having thrown down, having felled, having caused to fall
- प्रमथानीकम् (pramathānīkam) - the army of Pramathas, the host of attendants
- अभ्यधावत (abhyadhāvata) - he rushed towards, he ran to
- सः (saḥ) - that, he
- असुरः (asuraḥ) - the demon
- सिंहम् (siṁham) - the lion
- हन्तुम् (hantum) - to kill, to strike
- महादेव्याः (mahādevyāḥ) - of the Great Goddess, belonging to Mahādevī
- कोपम् (kopam) - anger, wrath
- चक्रे (cakre) - she made, she did, she displayed, she became
- ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from there
- अम्बिका (ambikā) - Ambikā (a name of the Goddess)
Words meanings and morphology
निपात्य (nipātya) - having thrown down, having felled, having caused to fall
(indeclinable)
Absolutive (gerund)
Derived from the causative of root pat (to fall) with prefix ni.
Prefix: ni
Root: pat (class 1)
प्रमथानीकम् (pramathānīkam) - the army of Pramathas, the host of attendants
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of pramathānīka
pramathānīka - army of Pramathas, host of attendants (usually referring to Śiva's attendants, here possibly Durga's or general divine hosts)
Compound of pramatha (demon, attendant) and anīka (army, host).
Compound type : tatpurusha (pramatha+anīka)
- pramatha – demon, attendant, goblin (esp. of Śiva)
noun (masculine)
Prefix: pra
Root: math (class 1) - anīka – army, host, troop
noun (neuter)
Note: Object of nipātya.
अभ्यधावत (abhyadhāvata) - he rushed towards, he ran to
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of abhyadhāvata
Imperfect tense.
Imperfect of root dhāv (to run) with prefixes abhi and ā.
Prefixes: abhi+ā
Root: dhāv (class 1)
Note: The initial 'a' is the augment of the imperfect.
सः (saḥ) - that, he
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Refers to Mahiṣāsura.
असुरः (asuraḥ) - the demon
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of asura
asura - demon, titan
Often derived from asu (life-breath) + ra (giver) or a (not) + sura (god).
Root: as
Note: In apposition to saḥ, referring to Mahiṣāsura.
सिंहम् (siṁham) - the lion
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of siṃha
siṁha - lion
Note: Object of hantum.
हन्तुम् (hantum) - to kill, to strike
(indeclinable)
Infinitive
Infinitive form of root han.
Root: han (class 2)
महादेव्याः (mahādevyāḥ) - of the Great Goddess, belonging to Mahādevī
(proper noun)
Genitive, feminine, singular of mahādevī
mahādevī - Great Goddess, the Supreme Goddess
Compound of mahā (great) and devī (goddess).
Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+devī)
- mahā – great, mighty
adjective - devī – goddess
noun (feminine)
Derived from deva (god).
Root: div (class 4)
Note: Possessive, referring to the lion as the Goddess's mount, or kopa as being on her behalf.
कोपम् (kopam) - anger, wrath
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of kopa
kopa - anger, wrath, fury
Derived from root kup (to be angry).
Root: kup (class 4)
Note: Object of cakre.
चक्रे (cakre) - she made, she did, she displayed, she became
(verb)
3rd person , singular, middle, past perfect (lit) of kṛ
Perfect tense.
Perfect middle voice form of root kṛ. "kopaṃ cakre" is an idiom for "became angry".
Root: kṛ (class 8)
ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from there
(indeclinable)
Derived from tad with tasil suffix.
अम्बिका (ambikā) - Ambikā (a name of the Goddess)
(proper noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of ambikā
ambikā - mother, a name of Durgā/Pārvatī
Note: Subject of cakre.