योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-205, verse-2

इदं मे भगवन्ब्रूहि महाप्रश्नमनुत्तमम् ।
कथं भवत्यदेहा चिज्जाग्रत्स्वप्न स्वदेहवत् ॥ २ ॥

idaṃ me bhagavanbrūhi mahāpraśnamanuttamam ,
kathaṃ bhavatyadehā cijjāgratsvapna svadehavat 2

2. idam me bhagavan brūhi mahāpraśnam anuttamam
katham bhavati adehā cit jāgratsvapne svadehavat

2. bhagavan,
me idam anuttamam mahāpraśnam brūhi: adehā cit katham jāgratsvapne svadehavat bhavati?

2. O Lord, please explain to me this supreme and great question: How does bodiless consciousness (cit) manifest as if it has its own body in both the waking and dream states?

Words meanings summery:

• इदम् (idam) - this (this, here, now)

• मे (me) - to me (to me, for me, my)

• भगवन् (bhagavan) - O Lord (O Lord, O venerable one)

• ब्रूहि (brūhi) - please tell, explain (tell, say, speak)

• महाप्रश्नम् (mahāpraśnam) - great question (great question, important question)

• अनुत्तमम् (anuttamam) - unsurpassed, supreme (unsurpassed, excellent, supreme)

• कथम् (katham) - how (how, in what manner)

• भवति (bhavati) - manifests, becomes (is, becomes, exists)

• अदेहा (adehā) - bodiless (bodiless, without a body)

• चित् (cit) - consciousness (cit) (consciousness, intelligence, mind)

• जाग्रत्स्वप्ने (jāgratsvapne) - in both the waking and dream states (in the waking and dream states)

• स्वदेहवत् (svadehavat) - as if it has its own body (like its own body, as if it has its own body)

Words meanings and morphology

इदम् (idam) - this (this, here, now)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

Note: Demonstrative pronoun, object of 'brūhi'.

मे (me) - to me (to me, for me, my)

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me, my, us

Note: Enclitic dative of 'asmad'.

भगवन् (bhagavan) - O Lord (O Lord, O venerable one)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhagavat

bhagavat - possessing fortune, glorious, divine, venerable, Lord

Adjective used as a vocative noun.

Note: Vocative case of 'bhagavat'.

ब्रूहि (brūhi) - please tell, explain (tell, say, speak)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of brū

imperative, 2nd person singular

Imperative form of √brū (also vac).

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: Imperative verb.

महाप्रश्नम् (mahāpraśnam) - great question (great question, important question)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahāpraśna

mahāpraśna - great question, important question

Compound type : karma dhāraya (mahā+praśna)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• praśna – question, inquiry
  noun (masculine)
  From root √prach (to ask) with prefix pra-.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: prach (class 6)

Note: Compound noun, object of 'brūhi'.

अनुत्तमम् (anuttamam) - unsurpassed, supreme (unsurpassed, excellent, supreme)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of anuttama

anuttama - unsurpassed, excellent, supreme, best

Negated compound: a- + uttara (superior) or a- + uttama (highest). Here, not having a higher one.

Compound type : nañ-bahuvrihi (a+uttama)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• uttama – highest, best, supreme, excellent
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative degree of 'ud' (up).

Note: Adjective modifying 'mahāpraśnam'.

कथम् (katham) - how (how, in what manner)

(indeclinable)

Note: Interrogative adverb.

भवति (bhavati) - manifests, becomes (is, becomes, exists)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of bhū

present, 3rd person singular

From root √bhū (to be).

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Present tense verb.

अदेहा (adehā) - bodiless (bodiless, without a body)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of adeha

adeha - bodiless, without a body

Negated compound: a- + deha (body).

Compound type : nañ-bahuvrihi (a+deha)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• deha – body
  noun (masculine)

Note: Adjective modifying 'cit'.

चित् (cit) - consciousness (cit) (consciousness, intelligence, mind)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of cit

cit - consciousness, intelligence, mind, understanding

Note: Subject of the sentence.

जाग्रत्स्वप्ने (jāgratsvapne) - in both the waking and dream states (in the waking and dream states)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, dual of jāgratsvapna

jāgratsvapna - waking and dream (states)

Compound type : dvandva (jāgrat+svapna)

• jāgrat – waking, awake
  noun (masculine)
  present active participle
  From root √jāgṛ (to wake).
  Root: jāgṛ (class 2)
• svapna – dream, sleep
  noun (masculine)
  From root √svap (to sleep).
  Root: svap (class 2)

Note: Dvandva compound in locative dual.

स्वदेहवत् (svadehavat) - as if it has its own body (like its own body, as if it has its own body)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial suffix -vat added to 'svadeha'.

Compound type : tatpurusha (sva+deha)

• sva – own, self
  pronoun (neuter)
• deha – body
  noun (masculine)
• vat – like, as
  indeclinable
  Affix used to form adverbs of comparison.

Note: Adverbial form comparing to one's own body.