योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-90, verse-14

त्यागिता स्यात्कुतस्तस्य चिन्तामप्यावृणोति यः ।
पवनस्पन्दयुक्तस्य निःस्पन्दत्वं कुतस्तरोः ॥ १४ ॥

tyāgitā syātkutastasya cintāmapyāvṛṇoti yaḥ ,
pavanaspandayuktasya niḥspandatvaṃ kutastaroḥ 14

14. tyāgitā syāt kutaḥ tasya cintām api āvṛṇoti yaḥ
pavanasapandayuktasya niḥspandatvam kutaḥ taroḥ

14. yaḥ cintām api āvṛṇoti tasya tyāgitā kutaḥ syāt?
pavanasapandayuktasya taroḥ niḥspandatvam kutaḥ syāt?

14. How could the state of renunciation (tyāgitā) exist for one who conceals even (their own) thought? From where would a tree, endowed with the movement of the wind, find stillness?

Words meanings summery:

• त्यागिता (tyāgitā) - the state of renunciation, renouncing nature

• स्यात् (syāt) - would be, may be, should be

• कुतः (kutaḥ) - how (from where, whence, how)

• तस्य (tasya) - for him (of him, for him, his)

• चिन्ताम् (cintām) - (his own) thought (thought, worry, reflection)

• अपि (api) - even (even, also)

• आवृणोति (āvṛṇoti) - conceals (covers, conceals, envelops)

• यः (yaḥ) - one who (who, which (masculine))

• पवनसपन्दयुक्तस्य (pavanasapandayuktasya) - of one endowed with wind-movement

• निःस्पन्दत्वम् (niḥspandatvam) - stillness, state of no movement

• कुतः (kutaḥ) - how (from where, whence, how)

• तरोः (taroḥ) - of a tree

Words meanings and morphology

त्यागिता (tyāgitā) - the state of renunciation, renouncing nature

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tyāgitā

tyāgitā - state of renunciation, renouncing character

From tyāgin (renouncer) with suffix tā.

Note: Bracketed (tyāgitā) in translation.

स्यात् (syāt) - would be, may be, should be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of as

optative active

Optative, 3rd person singular, active voice.

Root: as (class 2)

कुतः (kutaḥ) - how (from where, whence, how)

(indeclinable)

interrogative adverb

तस्य (tasya) - for him (of him, for him, his)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that

Demonstrative pronoun, genitive singular masculine.

चिन्ताम् (cintām) - (his own) thought (thought, worry, reflection)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of cintā

cintā - thought, reflection, worry, anxiety

From root cit (to perceive, think).

Root: cit (class 10)

Note: Object of āvṛṇoti.

अपि (api) - even (even, also)

(indeclinable)

emphatic particle

आवृणोति (āvṛṇoti) - conceals (covers, conceals, envelops)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of āvṛ

present active

Present indicative, 3rd person singular, active voice. From class 5 root vṛ.

Prefix: ā

Root: vṛ (class 5)

यः (yaḥ) - one who (who, which (masculine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which

Relative pronoun, nominative singular masculine.

पवनसपन्दयुक्तस्य (pavanasapandayuktasya) - of one endowed with wind-movement

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of pavanasapandayukta

pavanasapandayukta - endowed with wind-movement, affected by wind-agitation

compound of pavana, spanda, and yukta

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (pavana+spanda+yukta)

• pavana – wind, air
  noun (masculine)
  From root pū (to purify) with suffix ana (active agent).
  Root: pū (class 1)
• spanda – vibration, tremor, pulsation, movement
  noun (masculine)
  From root spad (to tremble).
  Root: spad (class 1)
• yukta – joined, united, endowed with, engaged in
  participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root yuj (to join) with suffix kta.
  Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Agrees with taroḥ.

निःस्पन्दत्वम् (niḥspandatvam) - stillness, state of no movement

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of niḥspandatva

niḥspandatva - state of being without movement, stillness, immobility

compound of nis, spanda, and tva suffix

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (nis+spanda+tva)

• nis – without, out, cessation
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• spanda – vibration, tremor, pulsation, movement
  noun (masculine)
  From root spad (to tremble).
  Root: spad (class 1)
• tva – state of being, -ness
  suffix (neuter)
  abstract noun suffix

Note: The subject of the second rhetorical question.

कुतः (kutaḥ) - how (from where, whence, how)

(indeclinable)

interrogative adverb

तरोः (taroḥ) - of a tree

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of taru

taru - tree

Root: tṝ (class 1)

Note: Genitive singular, agrees with pavanasapandayuktasya.