योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-83, verse-8

यत्नेन तं च भर्तारमात्मज्ञानामृतं प्रति ।
बहुशो बोधयामास चूडाला न विवेद सः ॥ ८ ॥

yatnena taṃ ca bhartāramātmajñānāmṛtaṃ prati ,
bahuśo bodhayāmāsa cūḍālā na viveda saḥ 8

8. yatnena tam ca bhartāram ātmajñānāmṛtam prati
bahuśaḥ bodhayāmāsa cūḍālā na viveda saḥ

8. cūḍālā yatnena tam bhartāram ātmajñānāmṛtam prati bahuśaḥ bodhayāmāsa,
saḥ na viveda

8. Chūḍālā diligently enlightened her husband many times regarding the nectar of self-knowledge (ātmajñāna), but he did not understand it.

Words meanings summery:

• यत्नेन (yatnena) - with effort, by effort, diligently

• तम् (tam) - him, that

• च (ca) - and, also

• भर्तारम् (bhartāram) - husband, maintainer, supporter

• आत्मज्ञानामृतम् (ātmajñānāmṛtam) - the nectar of self-knowledge

• प्रति (prati) - towards, regarding, concerning, in relation to

• बहुशः (bahuśaḥ) - many times, repeatedly, abundantly

• बोधयामास (bodhayāmāsa) - she made understand, she enlightened, she instructed

• चूडाला (cūḍālā) - Chūḍālā (name of the queen)

• न (na) - not, no

• विवेद (viveda) - he knew, he understood

• सः (saḥ) - he, that (man)

Words meanings and morphology

यत्नेन (yatnena) - with effort, by effort, diligently

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yatna

yatna - effort, exertion, diligence

Root: yat (class 1)

तम् (tam) - him, that

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: This is the masculine accusative singular form of the demonstrative pronoun 'tad', referring to Chūḍālā's husband.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

भर्तारम् (bhartāram) - husband, maintainer, supporter

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhartṛ

bhartṛ - husband, supporter, master, maintainer

agent noun

Derived from root √bhṛ (to bear, carry, support) with the agent suffix -tṛ.

Root: bhṛ (class 3)

आत्मज्ञानामृतम् (ātmajñānāmṛtam) - the nectar of self-knowledge

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ātmajñānāmṛta

ātmajñānāmṛta - the nectar of self-knowledge

Compound type : tatpurusha (ātman+jñāna+amṛta)

• ātman – self, soul, spirit, individual essence
  noun (masculine)
• jñāna – knowledge, wisdom, understanding
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root √jñā (to know) with suffix -ana.
  Root: jñā (class 9)
• amṛta – nectar, ambrosia, immortality, undying
  noun (neuter)
  Negation of mṛta (dead) by 'a-'.

प्रति (prati) - towards, regarding, concerning, in relation to

(indeclinable)

बहुशः (bahuśaḥ) - many times, repeatedly, abundantly

(indeclinable)

Formed with suffix -śaḥ (denoting manner or frequency) from bahu (many).

बोधयामास (bodhayāmāsa) - she made understand, she enlightened, she instructed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of bodhay

causative, perfect tense

Causative stem from √budh (to know, awaken). The form bodhayāmāsa is a periphrastic perfect, formed with the causative stem + āmāsa (auxiliary verb from √as).

Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Refers to Chūḍālā (feminine subject).

चूडाला (cūḍālā) - Chūḍālā (name of the queen)

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of cūḍālā

cūḍālā - Chūḍālā (a proper name, likely derived from 'cūḍā' meaning crest, topknot)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

विवेद (viveda) - he knew, he understood

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vid

perfect tense

Root √vid, perfect tense form. This root belongs to the Adādi (2nd) class, but its perfect forms are irregular (Reduplicated perfect without a reduplicative syllable).

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Refers to the husband (masculine subject).

सः (saḥ) - he, that (man)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: This is the masculine nominative singular form of the demonstrative pronoun 'tad'.