योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-28, verse-8

तं दृष्ट्वा कृतकर्तव्यप्रणामास्ते महासुराः ।
विषादविस्मयानन्दभयमन्थरतां ययुः ॥ ८ ॥

taṃ dṛṣṭvā kṛtakartavyapraṇāmāste mahāsurāḥ ,
viṣādavismayānandabhayamantharatāṃ yayuḥ 8

8. tam dṛṣṭvā kṛta-kartavya-praṇāmāḥ te mahāsurāḥ
viṣāda-vismaya-ānanda-bhaya-mantharatām yayuḥ

8. tam dṛṣṭvā kṛta-kartavya-praṇāmāḥ te mahāsurāḥ
viṣāda-vismaya-ānanda-bhaya-mantharatām yayuḥ

8. Having seen him and performed their customary prostrations, those great demons (mahāsuras) fell into a state of hesitation, mixed with dejection, astonishment, joy, and fear.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him (Bali) (him, that)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• कृत-कर्तव्य-प्रणामाः (kṛta-kartavya-praṇāmāḥ) - (those who) had performed their customary prostrations/obeisance

• ते (te) - those, they

• महासुराः (mahāsurāḥ) - great demons

• विषाद-विस्मय-आनन्द-भय-मन्थरताम् (viṣāda-vismaya-ānanda-bhaya-mantharatām) - a state of slowness/hesitation due to dejection, astonishment, joy, and fear

• ययुः (yayuḥ) - they went, they attained, they reached (a state)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him (Bali) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

gerund (absolutive)

Formed with suffix -tvā

Root: dṛś (class 1)

कृत-कर्तव्य-प्रणामाः (kṛta-kartavya-praṇāmāḥ) - (those who) had performed their customary prostrations/obeisance

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kṛta-kartavya-praṇāma

kṛta-kartavya-praṇāma - one by whom the obligatory obeisance has been performed

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṛta+kartavya+praṇāma)

• kṛta – done, made, performed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root kṛ (to do, make)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• kartavya – to be done, proper to be done, duty, obligation
  noun (neuter)
  Gerundive
  From root kṛ (to do, make) with suffix -tavya
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• praṇāma – bow, salutation, obeisance
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: nam (class 1)

ते (te) - those, they

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

महासुराः (mahāsurāḥ) - great demons

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahāsura

mahāsura - a great demon, powerful Asura

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+asura)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective (feminine)
• asura – demon, titan, a class of mythological beings
  noun (masculine)

विषाद-विस्मय-आनन्द-भय-मन्थरताम् (viṣāda-vismaya-ānanda-bhaya-mantharatām) - a state of slowness/hesitation due to dejection, astonishment, joy, and fear

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of viṣāda-vismaya-ānanda-bhaya-mantharata

viṣāda-vismaya-ānanda-bhaya-mantharata - a state of slowness or hesitation caused by a mixture of dejection, astonishment, joy, and fear

Compound type : dvandva (viṣāda+vismaya+ānanda+bhaya+mantharatā)

• viṣāda – dejection, despondency, sadness
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: sad (class 1)
• vismaya – astonishment, wonder, surprise
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: smi (class 1)
• ānanda – joy, happiness, bliss
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: nand (class 1)
• bhaya – fear, dread
  noun (neuter)
  Root: bhī (class 3)
• mantharatā – slowness, dullness, hesitation
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from manthara (slow, sluggish) with suffix -tā

ययुः (yayuḥ) - they went, they attained, they reached (a state)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (lit) of i

perfect

3rd person plural perfect active

Root: i (class 2)

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