योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-4, chapter-61, verse-8

सततं तत्तु गन्तव्यं गन्तव्यं नापदर्णवे ।
तथा तथेह जगति विहर्तव्यमखेदिना ॥ ८ ॥

satataṃ tattu gantavyaṃ gantavyaṃ nāpadarṇave ,
tathā tatheha jagati vihartavyamakhedinā 8

8. satatam tat tu gantavyam gantavyam na āpadarṇave
tathā tathā iha jagati vihartavyam akhedinā

8. tat tu satatam gantavyam.
āpadarṇave na gantavyam.
tathā tathā iha jagati akhedinā vihartavyam.

8. That (calamity-free state) indeed should always be reached; one must not enter the ocean of adversity. Thus, in this world, one should act (or live) without becoming weary.

8. אל היעד הזה יש לשאוף תמיד, ולא אל ים המצוקות; כך יש להתהלך בעולם הזה, מתוך קלות דעת וללא סבל פנימי.

Words meanings summery:

• सततम् (satatam) - always, constantly, perpetually

• तत् (tat) - that state (from previous verse) (that, it)

• तु (tu) - indeed (emphatic) (but, indeed, yet, moreover)

• गन्तव्यम् (gantavyam) - should be attained (the state) (to be gone to, to be reached, should be attained)

• गन्तव्यम् (gantavyam) - should be entered (the ocean of calamity) (to be gone to, to be reached, should be entered)

• न (na) - not, no

• आपदर्णवे (āpadarṇave) - in the ocean of calamity

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner, in the same way

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner, in the same way

• इह (iha) - here, in this world

• जगति (jagati) - in the world, in the universe

• विहर्तव्यम् (vihartavyam) - one should live/act (to be lived, to be acted, should conduct oneself)

• अखेदिना (akhedinā) - by one who is not weary, by one who is unwearied, by one who is not sad

Words meanings and morphology

सततम् (satatam) - always, constantly, perpetually

(indeclinable)

Accusative singular neuter of 'satata' used adverbially.

तत् (tat) - that state (from previous verse) (that, it)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it, he, she

तु (tu) - indeed (emphatic) (but, indeed, yet, moreover)

(indeclinable)

गन्तव्यम् (gantavyam) - should be attained (the state) (to be gone to, to be reached, should be attained)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of gantavya

gantavya - to be gone to, to be reached, should be attained, suitable to be gone to

Gerundive (kṛtya)

From root 'gam' (to go) + -tavya (gerundive suffix).

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Functions as a predicate, 'is to be attained.' Appears twice for distinct actions.

गन्तव्यम् (gantavyam) - should be entered (the ocean of calamity) (to be gone to, to be reached, should be entered)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of gantavya

gantavya - to be gone to, to be reached, should be attained, suitable to be gone to

Gerundive (kṛtya)

From root 'gam' (to go) + -tavya (gerundive suffix).

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Used with 'na' to express prohibition 'should not be entered'.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

आपदर्णवे (āpadarṇave) - in the ocean of calamity

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of āpadarṇava

āpadarṇava - ocean of calamity, sea of distress

Compound of āpad (calamity) and arṇava (ocean).

Compound type : Tatpurusha (āpad+arṇava)

• āpad – calamity, distress, misfortune
  noun (feminine)
  From ā + pad.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: pad (class 4)
• arṇava – ocean, sea
  noun (masculine)
  From root ṛṇ (to move) + ava.
  Root: ṛṇ

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner, in the same way

(indeclinable)

From pronoun 'tad' + suffix 'thā'.

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner, in the same way

(indeclinable)

From pronoun 'tad' + suffix 'thā'.

इह (iha) - here, in this world

(indeclinable)

जगति (jagati) - in the world, in the universe

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of jagat

jagat - world, universe; moving, living

Present Active Participle

From root 'gam' (to go) + śatṛ suffix.

Root: gam (class 1)

विहर्तव्यम् (vihartavyam) - one should live/act (to be lived, to be acted, should conduct oneself)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vihartavya

vihartavya - to be lived, to be acted, to be sported, should conduct oneself

Gerundive (kṛtya)

From prefix vi + root hṛ (to carry, act) + -tavya (gerundive suffix).

Prefix: vi

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Functions as a predicate, 'is to be lived/acted'.

अखेदिना (akhedinā) - by one who is not weary, by one who is unwearied, by one who is not sad

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of akhedin

akhedin - not weary, not sad, unwearied, cheerful

From negative particle 'a' + khedin (weary, sad).

Compound type : Nañ-Tatpurusha (a+khedin)

• a – not, un-, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• khedin – weary, sad, dejected
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
  noun/adjective from root 'khid'
  From root 'khid' (to be weary, grieve) + -in suffix.
  Root: khid (class 7)

Note: Specifies the agent of the gerundive action 'vihartavyam'.

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