योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-4, chapter-61, verse-8

सततं तत्तु गन्तव्यं गन्तव्यं नापदर्णवे ।
तथा तथेह जगति विहर्तव्यमखेदिना ॥ ८ ॥

satataṃ tattu gantavyaṃ gantavyaṃ nāpadarṇave ,
tathā tatheha jagati vihartavyamakhedinā 8

8. satatam tat tu gantavyam gantavyam na āpadarṇave
tathā tathā iha jagati vihartavyam akhedinā

8. tat tu satatam gantavyam.
āpadarṇave na gantavyam.
tathā tathā iha jagati akhedinā vihartavyam.

8. That (calamity-free state) indeed should always be reached; one must not enter the ocean of adversity. Thus, in this world, one should act (or live) without becoming weary.

Words meanings summery:

• सततम् (satatam) - always, constantly, perpetually

• तत् (tat) - that state (from previous verse) (that, it)

• तु (tu) - indeed (emphatic) (but, indeed, yet, moreover)

• गन्तव्यम् (gantavyam) - should be attained (the state) (to be gone to, to be reached, should be attained)

• गन्तव्यम् (gantavyam) - should be entered (the ocean of calamity) (to be gone to, to be reached, should be entered)

• न (na) - not, no

• आपदर्णवे (āpadarṇave) - in the ocean of calamity

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner, in the same way

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner, in the same way

• इह (iha) - here, in this world

• जगति (jagati) - in the world, in the universe

• विहर्तव्यम् (vihartavyam) - one should live/act (to be lived, to be acted, should conduct oneself)

• अखेदिना (akhedinā) - by one who is not weary, by one who is unwearied, by one who is not sad

Words meanings and morphology

सततम् (satatam) - always, constantly, perpetually

(indeclinable)

Accusative singular neuter of 'satata' used adverbially.

तत् (tat) - that state (from previous verse) (that, it)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it, he, she

तु (tu) - indeed (emphatic) (but, indeed, yet, moreover)

(indeclinable)

गन्तव्यम् (gantavyam) - should be attained (the state) (to be gone to, to be reached, should be attained)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of gantavya

gantavya - to be gone to, to be reached, should be attained, suitable to be gone to

Gerundive (kṛtya)

From root 'gam' (to go) + -tavya (gerundive suffix).

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Functions as a predicate, 'is to be attained.' Appears twice for distinct actions.

गन्तव्यम् (gantavyam) - should be entered (the ocean of calamity) (to be gone to, to be reached, should be entered)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of gantavya

gantavya - to be gone to, to be reached, should be attained, suitable to be gone to

Gerundive (kṛtya)

From root 'gam' (to go) + -tavya (gerundive suffix).

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Used with 'na' to express prohibition 'should not be entered'.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

आपदर्णवे (āpadarṇave) - in the ocean of calamity

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of āpadarṇava

āpadarṇava - ocean of calamity, sea of distress

Compound of āpad (calamity) and arṇava (ocean).

Compound type : Tatpurusha (āpad+arṇava)

• āpad – calamity, distress, misfortune
  noun (feminine)
  From ā + pad.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: pad (class 4)
• arṇava – ocean, sea
  noun (masculine)
  From root ṛṇ (to move) + ava.
  Root: ṛṇ

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner, in the same way

(indeclinable)

From pronoun 'tad' + suffix 'thā'.

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner, in the same way

(indeclinable)

From pronoun 'tad' + suffix 'thā'.

इह (iha) - here, in this world

(indeclinable)

जगति (jagati) - in the world, in the universe

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of jagat

jagat - world, universe; moving, living

Present Active Participle

From root 'gam' (to go) + śatṛ suffix.

Root: gam (class 1)

विहर्तव्यम् (vihartavyam) - one should live/act (to be lived, to be acted, should conduct oneself)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vihartavya

vihartavya - to be lived, to be acted, to be sported, should conduct oneself

Gerundive (kṛtya)

From prefix vi + root hṛ (to carry, act) + -tavya (gerundive suffix).

Prefix: vi

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Functions as a predicate, 'is to be lived/acted'.

अखेदिना (akhedinā) - by one who is not weary, by one who is unwearied, by one who is not sad

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of akhedin

akhedin - not weary, not sad, unwearied, cheerful

From negative particle 'a' + khedin (weary, sad).

Compound type : Nañ-Tatpurusha (a+khedin)

• a – not, un-, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• khedin – weary, sad, dejected
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
  noun/adjective from root 'khid'
  From root 'khid' (to be weary, grieve) + -in suffix.
  Root: khid (class 7)

Note: Specifies the agent of the gerundive action 'vihartavyam'.

Previous Verse Next Verse