योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-4, chapter-41, verse-38

यथैषा जन्मदुःखेषु न भूयस्त्वां नियोक्ष्यति ।
सर्वापदामेकसखीमज्ञानतरुमञ्जरीम् ।
अनर्थसार्थजननीमविद्यामलमुद्धर ॥ ३८ ॥

yathaiṣā janmaduḥkheṣu na bhūyastvāṃ niyokṣyati ,
sarvāpadāmekasakhīmajñānatarumañjarīm ,
anarthasārthajananīmavidyāmalamuddhara 38

38. yathā eṣā janma-duḥkheṣu na bhūyas
tvām niyokṣyati sarva-āpadām
eka-sakhīm ajñāna-taru-mañjarīm
anartha-sārtha-jananīm avidyā-malam uddhara

38. eṣā sarva-āpadām eka-sakhīm
ajñāna-taru-mañjarīm anartha-sārtha-jananīm
avidyā-malam uddhara yathā bhūyas
tvām janma-duḥkheṣu na niyokṣyati

38. Uproot the impurity of ignorance (avidyā)—that sole companion of all calamities, the sprout of the tree of nescience (ajñāna), and the mother of a multitude of misfortunes—so that it may no longer involve you in the miseries of birth.

38. כך שהיא לא תכפיף אותך עוד לסבל הלידות מחדש. עקור מן השורש את רפש האֲוִדְיָה (האי-ידיעה) – החברה היחידה של כל המצוקות, פריחת עץ הבורות, ואם כל הרעות!

Words meanings summery:

• यथा (yathā) - in order that (as, so that, in order that)

• एषा (eṣā) - this (ignorance) (this (feminine nominative singular))

• जन्म-दुःखेषु (janma-duḥkheṣu) - in the sufferings associated with repeated births (in the miseries of birth)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• भूयस् (bhūyas) - again (again, further, more)

• त्वाम् (tvām) - you (the listener, Rama) (you (accusative singular))

• नियोक्ष्यति (niyokṣyati) - will involve (will engage, will employ, will involve)

• सर्व-आपदाम् (sarva-āpadām) - of all misfortunes (of all calamities / misfortunes)

• एक-सखीम् (eka-sakhīm) - the sole companion (the sole companion (feminine accusative singular))

• अज्ञान-तरु-मञ्जरीम् (ajñāna-taru-mañjarīm) - the sprout of the tree of nescience (ajñāna) (the bud/sprout of the tree of ignorance (accusative singular))

• अनर्थ-सार्थ-जननीम् (anartha-sārtha-jananīm) - the mother of a host of misfortunes (the mother of a multitude of evils/misfortunes (accusative singular))

• अविद्या-मलम् (avidyā-malam) - the impurity of ignorance (avidyā) (the impurity of ignorance (accusative singular))

• उद्धर (uddhara) - uproot (uproot, remove, lift up, extract (imperative))

Words meanings and morphology

यथा (yathā) - in order that (as, so that, in order that)

(indeclinable)

एषा (eṣā) - this (ignorance) (this (feminine nominative singular))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of etad

etad - this

Note: Refers to avidyā.

जन्म-दुःखेषु (janma-duḥkheṣu) - in the sufferings associated with repeated births (in the miseries of birth)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of janma-duḥkha

janma-duḥkha - miseries of birth, suffering of existence

Compound type : tatpurusha (janman+duḥkha)

• janman – birth, origin, existence
  noun (neuter)
  Root: jan (class 4)
• duḥkha – pain, sorrow, misery, suffering
  noun (neuter)

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

भूयस् (bhūyas) - again (again, further, more)

(indeclinable)

comparative form of bahu

त्वाम् (tvām) - you (the listener, Rama) (you (accusative singular))

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

नियोक्ष्यति (niyokṣyati) - will involve (will engage, will employ, will involve)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of niyuj

future active

3rd person singular, future tense, active voice

Prefix: ni

Root: yuj (class 7)

सर्व-आपदाम् (sarva-āpadām) - of all misfortunes (of all calamities / misfortunes)

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of sarva-āpad

sarva-āpad - all calamities

Compound type : tatpurusha (sarva+āpad)

• sarva – all, every, entire
  adjective (masculine)
• āpad – calamity, misfortune, distress
  noun (feminine)

Note: Refers to avidyā.

एक-सखीम् (eka-sakhīm) - the sole companion (the sole companion (feminine accusative singular))

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of eka-sakhī

eka-sakhī - sole companion, only friend

Compound type : tatpurusha (eka+sakhī)

• eka – one, sole, single
  adjective (masculine)
• sakhī – female friend, companion
  noun (feminine)

Note: Refers to avidyā.

अज्ञान-तरु-मञ्जरीम् (ajñāna-taru-mañjarīm) - the sprout of the tree of nescience (ajñāna) (the bud/sprout of the tree of ignorance (accusative singular))

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of ajñāna-taru-mañjarī

ajñāna-taru-mañjarī - sprout of the tree of ignorance

Compound type : tatpurusha (ajñāna+taru+mañjarī)

• ajñāna – ignorance, nescience, spiritual ignorance
  noun (neuter)
  compound of a (negation) + jñāna
  Prefix: a
  Root: jñā (class 9)
• taru – tree
  noun (masculine)
• mañjarī – bud, sprout, cluster, blossom
  noun (feminine)

Note: Refers to avidyā.

अनर्थ-सार्थ-जननीम् (anartha-sārtha-jananīm) - the mother of a host of misfortunes (the mother of a multitude of evils/misfortunes (accusative singular))

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of anartha-sārtha-jananī

anartha-sārtha-jananī - mother of a multitude of evils

Compound type : tatpurusha (anartha-sārtha+jananī)

• anartha – misfortune, evil, useless, meaningless
  noun (masculine)
  compound of a (negation) + artha
  Prefix: a
• sārtha – multitude, collection, company, caravan
  noun (masculine)
• jananī – mother, producer
  noun (feminine)
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Refers to avidyā.

अविद्या-मलम् (avidyā-malam) - the impurity of ignorance (avidyā) (the impurity of ignorance (accusative singular))

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of avidyā-mala

avidyā-mala - the stain/impurity of ignorance

Compound type : tatpurusha (avidyā+mala)

• avidyā – ignorance, nescience, spiritual ignorance
  noun (feminine)
  compound of a (negation) + vidyā
  Prefix: a
  Root: vid (class 2)
• mala – impurity, dirt, stain, defect
  noun (masculine)

Note: The direct object of the verb uddhara.

उद्धर (uddhara) - uproot (uproot, remove, lift up, extract (imperative))

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of uddhṛ

imperative active

2nd person singular, imperative mood, active voice

Prefix: ud

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Implied subject is 'you' (Rama).

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