योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-4, chapter-41, verse-37

अविद्यया ये पुरुषा न नाम विवशीकृताः ।
तदस्या रोगशीलाया यत्नं कुरु विनाशने ॥ ३७ ॥

avidyayā ye puruṣā na nāma vivaśīkṛtāḥ ,
tadasyā rogaśīlāyā yatnaṃ kuru vināśane 37

37. avidyayā ye puruṣāḥ na nāma vivaśīkṛtāḥ
tat asyāḥ roga-śīlāyāḥ yatnam kuru vināśane

37. ye puruṣāḥ avidyayā nāma na vivaśīkṛtāḥ
tat asyāḥ roga-śīlāyāḥ vināśane yatnam kuru

37. Which men (puruṣa) have not indeed been subjugated by nescience (avidyā)? Therefore, make an effort to destroy this [avidyā], which is of a diseased nature.

Words meanings summery:

• अविद्यया (avidyayā) - by nescience, by ignorance

• ये (ye) - who, which (plural masculine nominative)

• पुरुषाः (puruṣāḥ) - men, persons, beings

• न (na) - not, no

• नाम (nāma) - indeed, by name, namely (an emphatic particle)

• विवशीकृताः (vivaśīkṛtāḥ) - subjugated, overpowered, made helpless

• तत् (tat) - therefore, so, that

• अस्याः (asyāḥ) - of this (avidyā) (of this (feminine))

• रोग-शीलायाः (roga-śīlāyāḥ) - of this (avidyā), which has a diseased nature (of the one with a diseased nature, of the disease-prone one)

• यत्नम् (yatnam) - effort, exertion, attempt

• कुरु (kuru) - do, make, perform

• विनाशने (vināśane) - in destruction, for the purpose of destruction

Words meanings and morphology

अविद्यया (avidyayā) - by nescience, by ignorance

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of avidyā

avidyā - nescience, ignorance, spiritual ignorance, illusion, false knowledge

Formed by negative prefix 'a-' + `vidyā` (knowledge).

ये (ye) - who, which (plural masculine nominative)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what

पुरुषाः (puruṣāḥ) - men, persons, beings

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of puruṣa

puruṣa - man, person, male, the cosmic person, the self (in Sāṃkhya and Yoga philosophy)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

नाम (nāma) - indeed, by name, namely (an emphatic particle)

(indeclinable)

विवशीकृताः (vivaśīkṛtāḥ) - subjugated, overpowered, made helpless

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vivaśīkṛta

vivaśīkṛta - subjugated, overpowered, made helpless

Past Passive Participle

From `vivaśī-kṛ` (to make helpless/subjugate), a denominative verb derived from `vivaśa` (helpless) and `kṛ` (to make).

Prefix: vi

Root: kṛ (class 8)

तत् (tat) - therefore, so, that

(indeclinable)

अस्याः (asyāḥ) - of this (avidyā) (of this (feminine))

(pronoun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

रोग-शीलायाः (roga-śīlāyāḥ) - of this (avidyā), which has a diseased nature (of the one with a diseased nature, of the disease-prone one)

(adjective)

Genitive, feminine, singular of roga-śīlā

roga-śīlā - having the nature of disease, disease-prone, sickly

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (roga+śīla)

• roga – disease, sickness, ailment
  noun (masculine)
• śīla – nature, habit, character, disposition, innate quality
  noun (neuter)

यत्नम् (yatnam) - effort, exertion, attempt

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yatna

yatna - effort, exertion, endeavor, attempt

कुरु (kuru) - do, make, perform

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

विनाशने (vināśane) - in destruction, for the purpose of destruction

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vināśana

vināśana - destruction, annihilation, perishing

From `vi-naś` (to destroy) with suffix `-ana`.

Prefix: vi

Root: naś (class 4)

Note: Can also be interpreted as dative of purpose.

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