योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-105, verse-16

नित्यमात्तविवेकस्य कथमालूनशीर्णता ।
धुनोति विततं चेतो वात्येव विबुधाचलम् ॥ १६ ॥

nityamāttavivekasya kathamālūnaśīrṇatā ,
dhunoti vitataṃ ceto vātyeva vibudhācalam 16

16. nityam āttavivekasya katham ālūnaśīrṇatā
dhunoti vitatam cetaḥ vātyā iva vibudhācalam

16. vātyā iva vibudhācalam,
ālūnaśīrṇatā nityam āttavivekasya vitatam cetaḥ katham dhunoti

16. How can constant decay and agitation shake the expansive consciousness (cetas) of one who has always embraced discrimination (viveka), just as a hurricane cannot shake the mountain of the gods?

Words meanings summery:

• नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly, perpetually

• आत्तविवेकस्य (āttavivekasya) - of one who has attained discrimination

• कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

• आलूनशीर्णता (ālūnaśīrṇatā) - the state of being cut and withered, decay, fragility

• धुनोति (dhunoti) - shakes, agitates, removes

• विततम् (vitatam) - expanded, pervading, extensive, wide

• चेतः (cetaḥ) - mind, consciousness, heart

• वात्या (vātyā) - hurricane, tempest, whirlwind

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• विबुधाचलम् (vibudhācalam) - Refers to Mount Meru, a mythical mountain often considered unshakable. (the mountain of the gods (Meru))

Words meanings and morphology

नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly, perpetually

(indeclinable)

From ni + √i (to go) + tya suffix.

आत्तविवेकस्य (āttavivekasya) - of one who has attained discrimination

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of āttaviveka

āttaviveka - having grasped/attained discrimination

Bahuvrīhi compound.

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (ātta+viveka)

• ātta – taken, grasped, received, attained
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From ā + √dā (to give, take).
  Prefix: ā
  Root: dā (class 1)
• viveka – discrimination, discernment
  noun (masculine)
  From vi + √vic (to distinguish).
  Prefix: vi
  Root: vic (class 7)

Note: Qualifies an implied person ('of him who...').

कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

(indeclinable)

interrogative adverb

आलूनशीर्णता (ālūnaśīrṇatā) - the state of being cut and withered, decay, fragility

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of ālūnaśīrṇatā

ālūnaśīrṇatā - state of being cut and withered

Derived from ālūnaśīrṇa + tā (feminine suffix for abstract noun).

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (ālūna+śīrṇa+tā)

• ālūna – cut, torn, plucked
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From ā + √lū (to cut).
  Prefix: ā
  Root: lū (class 9)
• śīrṇa – withered, decayed, fallen, broken
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √śṛ (to tear, decay).
  Root: śṛ (class 9)
• tā – suffix forming abstract nouns, "the state of"
  suffix (feminine)
  Feminine noun suffix.

Note: Subject of dhunoti.

धुनोति (dhunoti) - shakes, agitates, removes

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of √dhu

Present active indicative

From root √dhu (5th class).

Root: dhu (class 5)

विततम् (vitatam) - expanded, pervading, extensive, wide

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vitata

vitata - spread out, expanded, extensive

Past Passive Participle

From vi + √tan (to spread).

Prefix: vi

Root: tan (class 8)

Note: Qualifies cetaḥ.

चेतः (cetaḥ) - mind, consciousness, heart

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of cetas

cetas - mind, consciousness, intellect, heart

From √cit (to perceive, know).

Root: cit (class 1)

Note: Object of dhunoti.

वात्या (vātyā) - hurricane, tempest, whirlwind

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vātyā

vātyā - hurricane, tempest, whirlwind

From vāta (wind) + ya (suffix).

Root: vā (class 2)

Note: Subject in the simile.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

particle of comparison

विबुधाचलम् (vibudhācalam) - Refers to Mount Meru, a mythical mountain often considered unshakable. (the mountain of the gods (Meru))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vibudhācala

vibudhācala - mountain of the gods

Tatpuruṣa compound.

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (vibudha+acala)

• vibudha – god, deity, wise one
  noun (masculine)
  vi + √budh (to awaken).
  Prefix: vi
  Root: budh (class 1)
• acala – mountain, immovable
  noun (masculine)
  a (neg.) + √cal (to move).
  Root: cal (class 1)

Note: Object of implied action in simile (i.e., 'shake').