योगवासिष्ठः
yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ
-
book-2, chapter-5, verse-29
इति प्रत्यक्षतो दृष्टमनुभूतं श्रुतं कृतम् ।
दैवात्तमिति मन्यन्ते ये हतास्ते कुबुद्धयः ॥ २९ ॥
दैवात्तमिति मन्यन्ते ये हतास्ते कुबुद्धयः ॥ २९ ॥
iti pratyakṣato dṛṣṭamanubhūtaṃ śrutaṃ kṛtam ,
daivāttamiti manyante ye hatāste kubuddhayaḥ 29
daivāttamiti manyante ye hatāste kubuddhayaḥ 29
29.
iti pratyakṣataḥ dṛṣṭam anubhūtam śrutam kṛtam
daivāttam iti manyante ye hatāḥ te kubuddhayaḥ
daivāttam iti manyante ye hatāḥ te kubuddhayaḥ
29.
ye pratyakṣataḥ dṛṣṭam anubhūtam śrutam kṛtam iti daivāttam manyante,
te hatāḥ kubuddhayaḥ
te hatāḥ kubuddhayaḥ
29.
Those with misguided intellect (kubuddhi) who consider what is directly seen, experienced, heard, and performed to be solely dependent on destiny (daiva) are truly unfortunate.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- इति (iti) - thus, so, in this manner, indicates quotation
- प्रत्यक्षतः (pratyakṣataḥ) - directly (directly, perceptibly, from direct perception)
- दृष्टम् (dṛṣṭam) - seen (seen, observed, perceived)
- अनुभूतम् (anubhūtam) - experienced (experienced, felt, perceived)
- श्रुतम् (śrutam) - heard (heard, listened to, revealed (in scriptures))
- कृतम् (kṛtam) - performed (done, performed, made)
- दैवात्तम् (daivāttam) - solely dependent on destiny (daiva) (fate-dependent, given by destiny, belonging to destiny)
- इति (iti) - thus, so, in this manner, indicates quotation
- मन्यन्ते (manyante) - they consider/believe (they think, they believe, they consider)
- ये (ye) - those who (who, those who)
- हताः (hatāḥ) - unfortunate, ruined (killed, destroyed, unfortunate, ruined)
- ते (te) - those (people) (they, those)
- कुबुद्धयः (kubuddhayaḥ) - those with misguided intellect (kubuddhi) (foolish people, those with bad intellect, misguided minds)
Words meanings and morphology
इति (iti) - thus, so, in this manner, indicates quotation
(indeclinable)
Note: Introduces the object of belief.
प्रत्यक्षतः (pratyakṣataḥ) - directly (directly, perceptibly, from direct perception)
(indeclinable)
Derived from pratyakṣa (perceptible, visible) with the suffix -tas (indicating source or manner)
Note: Modifies the actions of seeing, experiencing, etc.
दृष्टम् (dṛṣṭam) - seen (seen, observed, perceived)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of dṛṣṭa
dṛṣṭa - seen, visible, observed, revealed
Past Passive Participle
From root dṛś (to see) with kta suffix
Root: dṛś (class 1)
Note: Refers to 'what is seen'.
अनुभूतम् (anubhūtam) - experienced (experienced, felt, perceived)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of anubhūta
anubhūta - experienced, felt, perceived, undergone
Past Passive Participle
From prefix anu + root bhū (to be, to become) with kta suffix
Prefix: anu
Root: bhū (class 1)
Note: Refers to 'what is experienced'.
श्रुतम् (śrutam) - heard (heard, listened to, revealed (in scriptures))
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of śruta
śruta - heard, listened to, famous, taught (in sacred texts)
Past Passive Participle
From root śru (to hear) with kta suffix
Root: śru (class 5)
Note: Refers to 'what is heard'.
कृतम् (kṛtam) - performed (done, performed, made)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of kṛta
kṛta - done, made, performed, completed, artificial
Past Passive Participle
From root kṛ (to do, make) with kta suffix
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Refers to 'what is done'.
दैवात्तम् (daivāttam) - solely dependent on destiny (daiva) (fate-dependent, given by destiny, belonging to destiny)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of daivātta
daivātta - fate-dependent, obtained from destiny
Compound of daiva (fate, destiny) and ātta (taken, obtained, dependent on)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (daiva+ātta)
- daiva – divine, celestial, relating to gods; fate, destiny, providence (daiva)
noun (neuter)
From deva (god) + aṇ suffix - ātta – taken, received, obtained, possessed, dependent on
adjective (neuter)
Past Passive Participle
From root dā (to give) with prefix ā- or from root ādā (to take)
Prefix: ā
Root: āp / dā (class 5)
Note: Predicative adjective for dṛṣṭam, anubhūtam, śrutam, kṛtam.
इति (iti) - thus, so, in this manner, indicates quotation
(indeclinable)
Note: Marks the end of the quoted belief.
मन्यन्ते (manyante) - they consider/believe (they think, they believe, they consider)
(verb)
3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of man
Root: man (class 4)
Note: The main verb of the first clause.
ये (ye) - those who (who, those who)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of yad
yad - who, which, what, that
Note: Subject of manyante.
हताः (hatāḥ) - unfortunate, ruined (killed, destroyed, unfortunate, ruined)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of hata
hata - killed, struck, destroyed, ruined, unfortunate, lost
Past Passive Participle
From root han (to strike, kill) with kta suffix
Root: han (class 2)
Note: Predicative adjective for te and kubuddhayaḥ.
ते (te) - those (people) (they, those)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of tad
tad - that, he, she, it, they
Note: Coreferent with ye.
कुबुद्धयः (kubuddhayaḥ) - those with misguided intellect (kubuddhi) (foolish people, those with bad intellect, misguided minds)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of kubuddhi
kubuddhi - bad intellect, foolishness, misguided understanding
Compound of ku (bad, evil) and buddhi (intellect, understanding)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ku+buddhi)
- ku – bad, evil, contemptible, difficult
indeclinable
A prefix meaning 'bad' - buddhi – intellect, understanding, reason, perception (buddhi)
noun (feminine)
From root budh (to know, perceive)
Root: budh (class 1)
Note: Predicate for te. Though buddhi is feminine, kubuddhayaḥ here refers to persons (masculine plural) possessing such intellect.