योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-1, chapter-30, verse-20

किं तस्यादुचितं श्रेयः किं तत्स्यादुचितं फलम् ।
वर्तितव्यं च संसारे कथं नामासमञ्जसे ॥ २० ॥

kiṃ tasyāducitaṃ śreyaḥ kiṃ tatsyāducitaṃ phalam ,
vartitavyaṃ ca saṃsāre kathaṃ nāmāsamañjase 20

20. kim tat syāt ucitam śreyaḥ kim tat syāt ucitam
phalam vartitavyam ca saṃsāre katham nāma asamañjase

20. kim tat ucitam śreyaḥ syāt? kim tat ucitam phalam
syāt? ca asamañjase saṃsāre katham nāma vartitavyam?

20. What would be the appropriate ultimate good (śreyas) for that? What would be the appropriate result (phala)? And how, indeed, should one conduct oneself in this discordant existence (saṃsāra)?

Words meanings summery:

• किम् (kim) - what, which

• तत् (tat) - that, it

• स्यात् (syāt) - may be, should be, would be

• उचितम् (ucitam) - proper, suitable, appropriate, right

• श्रेयः (śreyaḥ) - ultimate good, welfare, what is salutary, prosperity

• किम् (kim) - what, which

• तत् (tat) - that, it

• स्यात् (syāt) - may be, should be, would be

• उचितम् (ucitam) - proper, suitable, appropriate, right

• फलम् (phalam) - fruit, result, consequence, reward

• वर्तितव्यम् (vartitavyam) - to be conducted, to be behaved, one should live/act

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• संसारे (saṁsāre) - in the world, in the cycle of transmigration, in worldly existence

• कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner, why

• नाम (nāma) - indeed, certainly, by name (emphatic particle)

• असमञ्जसे (asamañjase) - in this discordant/inconsistent (world) (in the discordant, in the inappropriate, in the uneven)

Words meanings and morphology

किम् (kim) - what, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, which, who

तत् (tat) - that, it

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it, he, she

स्यात् (syāt) - may be, should be, would be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of as

Optative Mood

Root: as (class 2)

उचितम् (ucitam) - proper, suitable, appropriate, right

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ucita

ucita - proper, suitable, appropriate, right

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √vac (to speak), or √ci (to gather) with upasarga ud (up).

Root: vac (class 2)

श्रेयः (śreyaḥ) - ultimate good, welfare, what is salutary, prosperity

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śreyas

śreyas - ultimate good, welfare, what is salutary, prosperity

Comparative form of 'śrī' (beauty, prosperity) or related to √śrī (to mix, to resort to).

किम् (kim) - what, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, which, who

तत् (tat) - that, it

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it, he, she

स्यात् (syāt) - may be, should be, would be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of as

Optative Mood

Root: as (class 2)

उचितम् (ucitam) - proper, suitable, appropriate, right

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ucita

ucita - proper, suitable, appropriate, right

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √vac (to speak), or √ci (to gather) with upasarga ud (up).

Root: vac (class 2)

फलम् (phalam) - fruit, result, consequence, reward

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of phala

phala - fruit, result, consequence, reward, effect

वर्तितव्यम् (vartitavyam) - to be conducted, to be behaved, one should live/act

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vartitavya

vartitavya - to be conducted, to be behaved, one should live/act

Gerundive

Derived from verb root √vṛt (to be, to exist, to turn).

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Used impersonally, meaning 'one should behave'.

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

संसारे (saṁsāre) - in the world, in the cycle of transmigration, in worldly existence

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃsāra

saṁsāra - cycle of rebirth, worldly existence, transmigration

Derived from root √sṛ (to flow, to run) with upasarga sam (together, completely).

Prefix: sam

Root: sṛ (class 1)

कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner, why

(indeclinable)

नाम (nāma) - indeed, certainly, by name (emphatic particle)

(indeclinable)

असमञ्जसे (asamañjase) - in this discordant/inconsistent (world) (in the discordant, in the inappropriate, in the uneven)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of asamañjasa

asamañjasa - not fitting, incongruous, inappropriate, discordant, inconsistent

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+samañjasa)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
• samañjasa – suitable, appropriate, harmonious, fitting
  adjective (neuter)

Note: Modifies 'saṃsāre'.