योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-1, chapter-30, verse-19

कं महापुरुषं पारमुपायातं महोदधेः ।
आचारेणानुसंस्मृत्य जनो याति न दुःखिताम् ॥ १९ ॥

kaṃ mahāpuruṣaṃ pāramupāyātaṃ mahodadheḥ ,
ācāreṇānusaṃsmṛtya jano yāti na duḥkhitām 19

19. kam mahāpuruṣam pāram upāyātam mahodadheḥ
ācāreṇa anusaṃsmṛtya janaḥ yāti na duḥkhitām

19. janaḥ kam mahāpuruṣam mahodadheḥ pāram upāyātam
ācāreṇa anusaṃsmṛtya duḥkhitām na yāti

19. By remembering and reflecting upon the conduct (ācāra) of which great person (mahāpuruṣa), who has reached the other shore of the great ocean (mahodadhi, i.e., saṃsāra), does a person not experience suffering?

Words meanings summery:

• कम् (kam) - which (great person) (whom, which, what)

• महापुरुषम् (mahāpuruṣam) - great person, supreme being, eminent man

• पारम् (pāram) - the other shore (of existence) (shore, bank, opposite side, limit, end)

• उपायातम् (upāyātam) - approached, attained, reached, arrived at

• महोदधेः (mahodadheḥ) - of the great ocean, symbolizing saṃsāra (the cycle of rebirth) (of the great ocean)

• आचारेण (ācāreṇa) - by conduct, by practice, by custom, by good behavior

• अनुसंस्मृत्य (anusaṁsmṛtya) - having remembered well, having reflected upon, having recollected

• जनः (janaḥ) - person, people, human being

• याति (yāti) - attains, experiences (goes, proceeds, attains, reaches)

• न (na) - not, no, nor

• दुःखिताम् (duḥkhitām) - suffering, distress, misery, unhappiness

Words meanings and morphology

कम् (kam) - which (great person) (whom, which, what)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - what, which, who

Note: Used as an interrogative pronoun.

महापुरुषम् (mahāpuruṣam) - great person, supreme being, eminent man

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahāpuruṣa

mahāpuruṣa - great person, supreme being, eminent man

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+puruṣa)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• puruṣa – man, person, male, spirit, cosmic person
  noun (masculine)

पारम् (pāram) - the other shore (of existence) (shore, bank, opposite side, limit, end)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pāra

pāra - shore, bank, opposite side, limit, end

उपायातम् (upāyātam) - approached, attained, reached, arrived at

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of upāyāta

upāyāta - approached, attained, reached, arrived at

Past Passive Participle

Derived from verb root √yā (to go) with upasargas upa (near) and ā (towards).

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Modifies 'mahāpuruṣam'.

महोदधेः (mahodadheḥ) - of the great ocean, symbolizing saṃsāra (the cycle of rebirth) (of the great ocean)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of mahodadhi

mahodadhi - great ocean

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+udadhi)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• udadhi – ocean, sea, large body of water
  noun (masculine)

आचारेण (ācāreṇa) - by conduct, by practice, by custom, by good behavior

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ācāra

ācāra - conduct, practice, custom, good behavior, tradition

Prefix: ā

Root: car (class 1)

अनुसंस्मृत्य (anusaṁsmṛtya) - having remembered well, having reflected upon, having recollected

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root √smṛ (to remember) with upasargas anu (after, along) and sam (together, completely).

Prefixes: anu+sam

Root: smṛ (class 1)

जनः (janaḥ) - person, people, human being

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jana

jana - person, people, human being, creature

Root: jan (class 4)

याति (yāti) - attains, experiences (goes, proceeds, attains, reaches)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of yā

Present Indicative

Root: yā (class 2)

न (na) - not, no, nor

(indeclinable)

दुःखिताम् (duḥkhitām) - suffering, distress, misery, unhappiness

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of duḥkhitā

duḥkhitā - suffering, distress, misery, unhappiness