वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-2, verse-20

तृणबिन्दुस्तु राजर्षिस्तपसा द्योतितप्रभः ।
ध्यानं विवेश तच्चापि अपश्यदृषिकर्मजम् ॥२०॥

20. tṛṇabindustu rājarṣistapasā dyotitaprabhaḥ ,
dhyānaṃ viveśa taccāpi apaśyadṛṣikarmajam.

20. tṛṇabinduḥ tu rājarṣiḥ tapasā dyotitaprabhaḥ
dhyānam viveśa tat ca api apaśyat ṛṣikarmajam

20. The royal sage Tṛṇabindu, whose splendor was illuminated by his asceticism (tapas), entered into meditation (dhyāna) and also perceived that which had originated from the sage's action (karma).

Words meanings summery:

• तृणबिन्दुः (tṛṇabinduḥ) - Tṛṇabindu (name of a sage)

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, yet, then

• राजर्षिः (rājarṣiḥ) - royal sage

• तपसा (tapasā) - by asceticism, by penance, by spiritual austerity

• द्योतितप्रभः (dyotitaprabhaḥ) - whose splendor is illumined, shining bright

• ध्यानम् (dhyānam) - meditation, contemplation

• विवेश (viveśa) - entered, went into

• तत् (tat) - that, that thing

• च (ca) - and, also

• अपि (api) - even, also, too

• अपश्यत् (apaśyat) - saw, perceived

• ऋषिकर्मजम् (ṛṣikarmajam) - the curse that originated from the sage's action (born from the sage's action)

Words meanings and morphology

तृणबिन्दुः (tṛṇabinduḥ) - Tṛṇabindu (name of a sage)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tṛṇabindu

tṛṇabindu - Name of a royal sage

तु (tu) - but, indeed, yet, then

(indeclinable)

राजर्षिः (rājarṣiḥ) - royal sage

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājarṣi

rājarṣi - a royal sage; a king who is also a sage

Compound of rājan (king) and ṛṣi (sage)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (rājan+ṛṣi)

• rājan – king, monarch
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣi – sage, seer, inspired poet
  noun (masculine)

तपसा (tapasā) - by asceticism, by penance, by spiritual austerity

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - asceticism, penance, spiritual austerity, heat

From root tap (to heat, to perform austerities)

Root: tap (class 1)

द्योतितप्रभः (dyotitaprabhaḥ) - whose splendor is illumined, shining bright

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dyotitaprabha

dyotitaprabha - having illumined splendor, whose light is shining

Bahuvrīhi compound: dyotita (illuminated) + prabhā (splendor). "One whose splendor is illuminated."

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dyotita+prabhā)

• dyotita – illumined, shining, made bright
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root dyut (to shine) with suffix -ta
  Root: dyut (class 1)
• prabhā – splendor, light, radiance
  noun (feminine)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: bhā (class 2)

Note: Agrees with rājarṣiḥ

ध्यानम् (dhyānam) - meditation, contemplation

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dhyāna

dhyāna - meditation, contemplation, deep thought

From root dhyai (to meditate, to think) with suffix -ana

Root: dhyai (class 1)

Note: Object of viveśa

विवेश (viveśa) - entered, went into

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of viś

Perfect active

Root viś, perfect tense form. 3rd person singular.

Prefix: vi

Root: viś (class 6)

तत् (tat) - that, that thing

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Refers to the curse.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

अपि (api) - even, also, too

(indeclinable)

Particle

अपश्यत् (apaśyat) - saw, perceived

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect past (laṅ) of dṛś

Imperfect active

Root dṛś (with substitution paśya in present system), imperfect tense, 3rd person singular.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

ऋषिकर्मजम् (ṛṣikarmajam) - the curse that originated from the sage's action (born from the sage's action)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ṛṣikarmaja

ṛṣikarmaja - born from the action of a sage

Tatpuruṣa compound: ṛṣi (sage) + karman (action) + ja (born). "Born from the action of a sage."

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ṛṣi+karman+ja)

• ṛṣi – sage, seer
  noun (masculine)
• karman – action, deed, fate, ritual
  noun (neuter)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• ja – born, produced from
  adjective (masculine)
  From root jan (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Refers to the "curse" (understood from context) or "that" (tat).