वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-20, verse-24

ततो दशग्रीवमुपस्थितास्ते चारा बहिर्नित्यचरा निशाचराः ।
गिरेः सुवेलस्य समीपवासिनं न्यवेदयन्भीमबलं महाबलाः ॥२४॥

24. tato daśagrīvamupasthitāste cārā bahirnityacarā niśācarāḥ ,
gireḥ suvelasya samīpavāsinaṃ nyavedayanbhīmabalaṃ mahābalāḥ.

24. tataḥ daśagrīvam upasthitāḥ te
cārāḥ bahiḥ nityacarāḥ niśācarāḥ
gireḥ suvelasya samīpavāsinam
nyavedayan bhīmabalam mahābalāḥ

24. Then, those greatly powerful spies, who were night-wanderers always moving about outside, reported to Daśagrīva (Rāvaṇa) about the formidable force dwelling near Mount Suvela.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

• दशग्रीवम् (daśagrīvam) - to Daśagrīva (Rāvaṇa) (to Daśagrīva)

• उपस्थिताः (upasthitāḥ) - who had arrived (arrived, approached, present)

• ते (te) - those, they

• चाराः (cārāḥ) - spies, messengers, scouts

• बहिः (bahiḥ) - outside, externally

• नित्यचराः (nityacarāḥ) - who were constantly moving (constantly moving, always roaming)

• निशाचराः (niśācarāḥ) - night-roaming (referring to spies) (night-wanderers, demons, goblins)

• गिरेः (gireḥ) - of the mountain, from the mountain

• सुवेलस्य (suvelasya) - of Suvela

• समीपवासिनम् (samīpavāsinam) - the one dwelling near (dwelling near, residing close)

• न्यवेदयन् (nyavedayan) - they reported, informed

• भीमबलम् (bhīmabalam) - possessing formidable strength (formidable strength, terrible power)

• महाबलाः (mahābalāḥ) - the mighty ones (referring to the spies) (greatly powerful, mighty ones)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

(indeclinable)

दशग्रीवम् (daśagrīvam) - to Daśagrīva (Rāvaṇa) (to Daśagrīva)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of daśagrīva

daśagrīva - ten-necked (Rāvaṇa)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (daśa+grīva)

• daśa – ten
  numeral
• grīva – neck
  noun (feminine)

उपस्थिताः (upasthitāḥ) - who had arrived (arrived, approached, present)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of upasthita

upasthita - arrived, approached, present, near

Past Passive Participle

From root sthā with prefix upa.

Prefix: upa

Root: sthā (class 1)

ते (te) - those, they

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

चाराः (cārāḥ) - spies, messengers, scouts

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of cara

cara - spy, messenger, a moving being

Root: car (class 1)

बहिः (bahiḥ) - outside, externally

(indeclinable)

नित्यचराः (nityacarāḥ) - who were constantly moving (constantly moving, always roaming)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nityacara

nityacara - constantly moving, always wandering

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nitya+cara)

• nitya – constant, eternal, daily
  adjective (masculine)
• cara – moving, wandering (agent noun from car)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: car (class 1)

निशाचराः (niśācarāḥ) - night-roaming (referring to spies) (night-wanderers, demons, goblins)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of niśācara

niśācara - night-wanderer, demon, goblin

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (niśā+cara)

• niśā – night
  noun (feminine)
• cara – moving, wandering (agent noun from car)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: car (class 1)

गिरेः (gireḥ) - of the mountain, from the mountain

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of giri

giri - mountain, hill

सुवेलस्य (suvelasya) - of Suvela

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of suvela

suvela - name of a mountain

समीपवासिनम् (samīpavāsinam) - the one dwelling near (dwelling near, residing close)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of samīpavāsin

samīpavāsin - dwelling near, neighbor, resident

Agent Noun (suffix -in)

From samīpa (near) + vāsin (dweller, from root vas).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (samīpa+vāsin)

• samīpa – near, proximity
  indeclinable (neuter)
• vāsin – dweller, resident
  noun (masculine)
  Agent Noun
  From root vas (to dwell) with suffix -in.
  Root: vas (class 1)

न्यवेदयन् (nyavedayan) - they reported, informed

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of niveday

Causal of root vid

Derived from root vid (to know) with prefix ni, in the causal stem.

Prefix: ni

Root: vid (class 10)

भीमबलम् (bhīmabalam) - possessing formidable strength (formidable strength, terrible power)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīmabala

bhīmabala - having terrible strength, formidable in strength

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bhīma+bala)

• bhīma – terrible, formidable, dreadful
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: bhī (class 3)
• bala – strength, power, force
  noun (neuter)

महाबलाः (mahābalāḥ) - the mighty ones (referring to the spies) (greatly powerful, mighty ones)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahābala

mahābala - of great strength, very powerful

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+bala)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• bala – strength, power, force
  noun (neuter)