वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-20, verse-18

कथं स्वपिति जागर्ति किमन्यच्च करिष्यति ।
विज्ञाय निपुणं सर्वमागन्तव्यमशेषतः ॥१८॥

18. kathaṃ svapiti jāgarti kimanyacca kariṣyati ,
vijñāya nipuṇaṃ sarvamāgantavyamaśeṣataḥ.

18. katham svapiti jāgarti kim anyat ca kariṣyati
vijñāya nipuṇam sarvam āgantavyam aśeṣataḥ

18. katham svapiti? (katham) jāgarti? kim ca anyat
kariṣyati? sarvam nipuṇam vijñāya aśeṣataḥ āgantavyam

18. How does he sleep and how does he remain awake? What else will he do? Having precisely ascertained everything, you must return completely.

Words meanings summery:

• कथम् (katham) - in what manner (how, in what manner)

• स्वपिति (svapiti) - (Rāma) sleeps (he sleeps, sleeps)

• जागर्ति (jāgarti) - (Rāma) stays awake (he wakes, he stays awake)

• किम् (kim) - what (else) (what, whether)

• अन्यत् (anyat) - what else (other, another, different)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• करिष्यति (kariṣyati) - (Rāma) will do (he will do, he will make)

• विज्ञाय (vijñāya) - having precisely ascertained (having known, having understood, having ascertained)

• निपुणम् (nipuṇam) - precisely, thoroughly (skillfully, thoroughly, precisely, cleverly)

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - everything (about Rāma's activities) (all, every, everything)

• आगन्तव्यम् (āgantavyam) - (you) must return (ought to be returned, must be returned, one should come back)

• अशेषतः (aśeṣataḥ) - completely (completely, entirely, without remainder)

Words meanings and morphology

कथम् (katham) - in what manner (how, in what manner)

(indeclinable)

Note: Indeclinable.

स्वपिति (svapiti) - (Rāma) sleeps (he sleeps, sleeps)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of svap

Present indicative 3rd person singular of √svap (class 2)

Root: svap (class 2)

Note: 3rd person singular present indicative.

जागर्ति (jāgarti) - (Rāma) stays awake (he wakes, he stays awake)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of jāgṛ

Present indicative 3rd person singular of √jāgṛ (class 2)

Root: jāgṛ (class 2)

Note: 3rd person singular present indicative.

किम् (kim) - what (else) (what, whether)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, which, who; whether

Note: Nominative singular neuter.

अन्यत् (anyat) - what else (other, another, different)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of anya

anya - other, another, different

Note: Nominative singular neuter, modifying 'kim'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Indeclinable.

करिष्यति (kariṣyati) - (Rāma) will do (he will do, he will make)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of kṛ

Future indicative 3rd person singular of √kṛ (class 8)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: 3rd person singular future indicative.

विज्ञाय (vijñāya) - having precisely ascertained (having known, having understood, having ascertained)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive (gerund) of √jñā (to know) with vi- (to discern)

Prefix: vi

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Indeclinable gerund (absolutive).

निपुणम् (nipuṇam) - precisely, thoroughly (skillfully, thoroughly, precisely, cleverly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbial use of neuter accusative singular form.

सर्वम् (sarvam) - everything (about Rāma's activities) (all, every, everything)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

Note: Accusative singular neuter, object of 'vijñāya'.

आगन्तव्यम् (āgantavyam) - (you) must return (ought to be returned, must be returned, one should come back)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of āgantavya

āgantavya - to be come, to be returned; one must come/return

Gerundive (Passive Future Participle)

Gerundive of √gam (to go) with ā- (to come)

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Nominative singular neuter, used impersonally.

अशेषतः (aśeṣataḥ) - completely (completely, entirely, without remainder)

(indeclinable)

From aśeṣa (without remainder) + suffix -tas

Note: Indeclinable adverb.