वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-20, verse-19

चारेण विदितः शत्रुः पण्डितैर्वसुधाधिपैः ।
युद्धे स्वल्पेन यत्नेन समासाद्य निरस्यते ॥१९॥

19. cāreṇa viditaḥ śatruḥ paṇḍitairvasudhādhipaiḥ ,
yuddhe svalpena yatnena samāsādya nirasyate.

19. cāreṇa viditaḥ śatruḥ paṇḍitaiḥ vasudhādhipaiḥ
yuddhe svalpena yatnena samāsādya nirasyate

19. cāreṇa viditaḥ śatruḥ paṇḍitaiḥ vasudhādhipaiḥ
yuddhe svalpena yatnena samāsādya nirasyate

19. An enemy, known through espionage by wise rulers, is engaged and vanquished in battle with little effort.

Words meanings summery:

• चारेण (cāreṇa) - through espionage (by a spy, through espionage)

• विदितः (viditaḥ) - known (through espionage) (known, understood, ascertained)

• शत्रुः (śatruḥ) - an enemy (enemy, foe, rival)

• पण्डितैः (paṇḍitaiḥ) - by wise (rulers) (by the wise, by learned men)

• वसुधाधिपैः (vasudhādhipaiḥ) - by wise rulers (by rulers of the earth, by kings)

• युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle (in battle, in war, in a fight)

• स्वल्पेन (svalpena) - with little (effort) (by little, with small)

• यत्नेन (yatnena) - with (little) effort (by effort, with exertion)

• समासाद्य (samāsādya) - having engaged (the enemy) (having reached, having attained, having approached)

• निरस्यते (nirasyate) - is vanquished (is repelled, is removed, is cast out, is vanquished)

Words meanings and morphology

चारेण (cāreṇa) - through espionage (by a spy, through espionage)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of cāra

cāra - spy, secret agent, espionage

From √car (to move, go)

Root: car (class 1)

Note: Instrumental singular.

विदितः (viditaḥ) - known (through espionage) (known, understood, ascertained)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vidita

vidita - known, understood, ascertained

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of √vid (to know)

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Nominative singular masculine, modifying 'śatruḥ'.

शत्रुः (śatruḥ) - an enemy (enemy, foe, rival)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śatru

śatru - enemy, foe, rival

Note: Nominative singular, subject of 'nirasyate'.

पण्डितैः (paṇḍitaiḥ) - by wise (rulers) (by the wise, by learned men)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of paṇḍita

paṇḍita - wise, learned, scholar, pandit

Note: Instrumental plural, agreeing with 'vasudhādhipaiḥ'.

वसुधाधिपैः (vasudhādhipaiḥ) - by wise rulers (by rulers of the earth, by kings)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vasudhādhipa

vasudhādhipa - lord of the earth, king, ruler

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vasudhā+adhipa)

• vasudhā – earth
  noun (feminine)
• adhipa – lord, ruler, king
  noun (masculine)

Note: Instrumental plural, agent of the passive verb 'nirasyate'.

युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle (in battle, in war, in a fight)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war

Past Passive Participle (substantivized)

Derived from √yudh (to fight)

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Locative singular.

स्वल्पेन (svalpena) - with little (effort) (by little, with small)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of svalpa

svalpa - small, little, few

Compound: su-alpa

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+alpa)

• su – good, well, very
  indeclinable
• alpa – little, small, few
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Instrumental singular, agreeing with 'yatnena'.

यत्नेन (yatnena) - with (little) effort (by effort, with exertion)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yatna

yatna - effort, exertion, endeavor

From √yat (to strive, endeavor)

Root: yat (class 1)

Note: Instrumental singular.

समासाद्य (samāsādya) - having engaged (the enemy) (having reached, having attained, having approached)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive (gerund) of √sad (to sit) with sam-ā- (to come near, approach)

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Indeclinable gerund (absolutive).

निरस्यते (nirasyate) - is vanquished (is repelled, is removed, is cast out, is vanquished)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of niras

Present indicative 3rd person singular, passive, of √as (to throw) with nir- (out, away)

Prefix: nir

Root: as (class 4)

Note: 3rd person singular present passive indicative.