वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-12, verse-4

रामस्य वचनं श्रुत्वा सुग्रीवः प्लवगेश्वरः ।
प्रत्यभाषत काकुत्स्थं सौहार्देनाभिचोदितः ॥४॥

4. rāmasya vacanaṃ śrutvā sugrīvaḥ plavageśvaraḥ ,
pratyabhāṣata kākutsthaṃ sauhārdenābhicoditaḥ.

4. rāmasya vacanam śrutvā sugrīvaḥ plavageśvaraḥ
pratyabhāṣata kākutstham sauhārdena abhicoditaḥ

4. sugrīvaḥ plavageśvaraḥ rāmasya vacanam śrutvā
sauhārdena abhicoditaḥ kākutstham pratyabhāṣata

4. Having heard Rāma's words, Sugrīva, the lord of monkeys, spoke in reply to Kākuṛstha (Rāma), prompted by affection.

Words meanings summery:

• रामस्य (rāmasya) - of Rāma

• वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• सुग्रीवः (sugrīvaḥ) - Sugrīva

• प्लवगेश्वरः (plavageśvaraḥ) - referring to Sugrīva (lord of monkeys)

• प्रत्यभाषत (pratyabhāṣata) - he spoke in reply, he replied

• काकुत्स्थम् (kākutstham) - referring to Rāma (to Kākuṛstha)

• सौहार्देन (sauhārdena) - by affection, through friendship

• अभिचोदितः (abhicoditaḥ) - prompted, urged, incited

Words meanings and morphology

रामस्य (rāmasya) - of Rāma

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rāma (name of the seventh incarnation of Viṣṇu)

वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - word, speech, saying

From root √vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Could also be nominative singular, but accusative fits the context better (object of śrutvā).

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From root √śru (to hear) with suffix -tvā

Root: śru (class 5)

सुग्रीवः (sugrīvaḥ) - Sugrīva

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sugrīva

sugrīva - Sugrīva (name of the monkey king)

प्लवगेश्वरः (plavageśvaraḥ) - referring to Sugrīva (lord of monkeys)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of plavageśvara

plavageśvara - lord of monkeys, chief of apes

Compound of plavaga (monkey) and īśvara (lord)

Compound type : tatpurusha (plavaga+īśvara)

• plavaga – monkey, ape
  noun (masculine)
  literally 'going by jumping'
  Root: plu (class 1)
• īśvara – lord, master, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  from root √īś (to rule)
  Root: īś (class 2)

प्रत्यभाषत (pratyabhāṣata) - he spoke in reply, he replied

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhāṣ

Imperfect tense, middle voice, 3rd person singular

From root √bhāṣ (to speak) with prefix prati

Prefix: prati

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

Note: The prati prefix implies "in reply".

काकुत्स्थम् (kākutstham) - referring to Rāma (to Kākuṛstha)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kākutstha

kākutstha - descendant of Kakutstha; an epithet of Rāma

Note: Object of pratyabhāṣata.

सौहार्देन (sauhārdena) - by affection, through friendship

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of sauhārda

sauhārda - friendship, affection, good-heartedness

From suhṛd (friend) + suffix -aṇ

अभिचोदितः (abhicoditaḥ) - prompted, urged, incited

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abhicodita

codita - urged, prompted, incited

Past Passive Participle

From root √cud (to urge, incite) with prefix abhi

Prefix: abhi

Root: cud (class 10)