वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-12, verse-14

बद्धाञ्जलिपुटं दीनं याचन्तं शरणागतम् ।
न हन्यादानृशंस्यार्थमपि शत्रुं परं पत ॥१४॥

14. baddhāñjalipuṭaṃ dīnaṃ yācantaṃ śaraṇāgatam ,
na hanyādānṛśaṃsyārthamapi śatruṃ paraṃ pata.

14. baddhāñjalipuṭam dīnam yācantam śaraṇāgatam |
na hanyāt ānṛśaṃsyārtham api śatrum param pata

14. O king, one should not kill even a supreme enemy who has clasped his hands in supplication, who is helpless, begging, and has sought refuge; this should be done for the sake of compassion.

Words meanings summery:

• बद्धाञ्जलिपुटम् (baddhāñjalipuṭam) - one whose hands are clasped in supplication

• दीनम् (dīnam) - helpless, miserable, distressed

• याचन्तम् (yācantam) - begging, imploring, requesting

• शरणागतम् (śaraṇāgatam) - one who has sought refuge, refugee

• न (na) - not, no

• हन्यात् (hanyāt) - one should not kill (one should kill)

• आनृशंस्यार्थम् (ānṛśaṁsyārtham) - for the sake of compassion, for humanity

• अपि (api) - even, also, too

• शत्रुम् (śatrum) - enemy

• परम् (param) - supreme (enemy) (supreme, greatest, highest)

• पत (pata) - O king, O lord

Words meanings and morphology

बद्धाञ्जलिपुटम् (baddhāñjalipuṭam) - one whose hands are clasped in supplication

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of baddhāñjalipuṭa

baddhāñjalipuṭa - one with clasped hands (in reverence/supplication)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (baddha+añjali+puṭa)

• baddha – bound, tied, clasped
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'bandh' (to bind).
  Root: bandh (class 7)
• añjali – reverential gesture (palms joined together), hollow of the hands
  noun (masculine)
• puṭa – hollow, cup, fold
  noun (masculine)

दीनम् (dīnam) - helpless, miserable, distressed

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dīna

dīna - helpless, miserable, distressed, poor

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'dī' (to fade, to be sorrowful).

Root: dī (class 4)

याचन्तम् (yācantam) - begging, imploring, requesting

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yācat

yācat - begging, imploring, asking for

Present Active Participle

Derived from root 'yāc' (to ask, beg).

Root: yāc (class 1)

शरणागतम् (śaraṇāgatam) - one who has sought refuge, refugee

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śaraṇāgata

śaraṇāgata - one who has sought refuge, refugee, come for protection

Past Passive Participle compound

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śaraṇa+āgata)

• śaraṇa – refuge, shelter, protection
  noun (neuter)
  Root: śṛ (class 1)
• āgata – come, arrived
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'gam' (to go) with prefix 'ā' (towards).
  Prefix: ā
  Root: gam (class 1)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

हन्यात् (hanyāt) - one should not kill (one should kill)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of han

Root of 2nd class, optative mood.

Root: han (class 2)

आनृशंस्यार्थम् (ānṛśaṁsyārtham) - for the sake of compassion, for humanity

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ānṛśaṃsyārtha

ānṛśaṁsyārtha - for the sake of compassion, for humanity

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ānṛśaṃsya+artha)

• ānṛśaṃsya – compassion, humanity, absence of cruelty
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from 'nṛśaṃsa' (cruel) with negative prefix 'a' and suffix '-ya'.
  Prefix: a
• artha – purpose, aim, sake, meaning, wealth
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ṛdh (class 5)

Note: Used adverbially here.

अपि (api) - even, also, too

(indeclinable)

शत्रुम् (śatrum) - enemy

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śatru

śatru - enemy, foe

परम् (param) - supreme (enemy) (supreme, greatest, highest)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of parama

parama - supreme, highest, greatest, best

पत (pata) - O king, O lord

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pati

pati - lord, master, husband, king

Vocative singular form of 'pati'.

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