वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-12, verse-11

श्रूयते हि कपोतेन शत्रुः शरणमागतः ।
अर्चितश्च यथान्यायं स्वैश्च मांसैर्निमन्त्रितः ॥११॥

11. śrūyate hi kapotena śatruḥ śaraṇamāgataḥ ,
arcitaśca yathānyāyaṃ svaiśca māṃsairnimantritaḥ.

11. śrūyate hi kapotena śatruḥ śaraṇam āgataḥ arcitaḥ
ca yathānyāyam svaiḥ ca māṃsaiḥ nimantritaḥ

11. Indeed, it is recounted that a pigeon, when an enemy sought refuge, honored that enemy properly and even offered its own flesh.

Words meanings summery:

• श्रूयते (śrūyate) - it is recounted (impersonal passive) (it is heard, it is reported, it is recounted)

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, certainly, because)

• कपोतेन (kapotena) - by a pigeon (by a pigeon, by a dove)

• शत्रुः (śatruḥ) - an enemy (enemy, foe, rival)

• शरणम् (śaraṇam) - refuge (refuge, shelter, protection)

• आगतः (āgataḥ) - who had come (for refuge) (having come, arrived, approached)

• अर्चितः (arcitaḥ) - honored (honored, worshipped, revered)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• यथान्यायम् (yathānyāyam) - according to proper custom (according to justice, properly, duly)

• स्वैः (svaiḥ) - with its own (flesh) (by one's own, with one's own)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• मांसैः (māṁsaiḥ) - with (its own) flesh (with flesh, with meat)

• निमन्त्रितः (nimantritaḥ) - offered (itself/its flesh) (invited, offered, summoned)

Words meanings and morphology

श्रूयते (śrūyate) - it is recounted (impersonal passive) (it is heard, it is reported, it is recounted)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (Laṭ) of śru

Present Tense (Laṭ)

Root `śru` (5th class), present tense, 3rd person singular, passive voice (ātmanepada).

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Impersonal construction.

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, certainly, because)

(indeclinable)

कपोतेन (kapotena) - by a pigeon (by a pigeon, by a dove)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kapota

kapota - a pigeon, dove

Note: Agent in the passive construction.

शत्रुः (śatruḥ) - an enemy (enemy, foe, rival)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śatru

śatru - enemy, foe, rival

Note: Subject of the clause about seeking refuge.

शरणम् (śaraṇam) - refuge (refuge, shelter, protection)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śaraṇa

śaraṇa - refuge, shelter, protection, asylum

Root: śṛ

Note: Object of 'having come'.

आगतः (āgataḥ) - who had come (for refuge) (having come, arrived, approached)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āgata

āgata - come, arrived, approached

Past Passive Participle

Formed from prefix `ā-` + root `gam` (to go) + suffix `kta`.

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

अर्चितः (arcitaḥ) - honored (honored, worshipped, revered)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of arcita

arcita - honored, worshipped, revered, adorned

Past Passive Participle

Formed from root `arc` (to honor, worship) + suffix `kta`.

Root: arc (class 1)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects `arcitaḥ` and `nimantritaḥ`.

यथान्यायम् (yathānyāyam) - according to proper custom (according to justice, properly, duly)

(indeclinable)

Avyayībhāva compound.

Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+nyāya)

• yathā – as, according to, in which way
  indeclinable
• nyāya – justice, rule, method, propriety
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies `arcitaḥ` and `nimantritaḥ`.

स्वैः (svaiḥ) - with its own (flesh) (by one's own, with one's own)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of sva

sva - one's own, own, self

Note: Modifies `māṃsaiḥ`.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects `yathānyāyam` and `svaiḥ māṃsaiḥ`.

मांसैः (māṁsaiḥ) - with (its own) flesh (with flesh, with meat)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of māṃsa

māṁsa - flesh, meat

Note: Indicates the material offered.

निमन्त्रितः (nimantritaḥ) - offered (itself/its flesh) (invited, offered, summoned)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nimantrita

nimantrita - invited, offered, summoned, called

Past Passive Participle

Formed from prefix `ni-` + root `mantr` (to advise, to consult, to invite) + suffix `kta`.

Prefix: ni

Root: mantr (class 10)

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