वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-103, verse-19

कः पुमान् हि कुले जातः स्त्रियं परगृहोषिताम् ।
तेजस्वि पुनरादद्यात् सुहृल्लेखेन चेतसा ॥१९॥

19. kaḥ pumān hi kule jātaḥ striyaṃ paragṛhoṣitām ,
tejasvi punarādadyāt suhṛllekhena cetasā.

19. kaḥ pumān hi kule jātaḥ striyam paragṛhoṣitām
| tejasvi punaḥ ādadhyāt suhṛllekhena cetasā

19. hi,
kule jātaḥ kaḥ pumān paragṛhoṣitām striyam tejasvi punaḥ suhṛllekhena cetasā ādadhyāt?

19. What man, indeed, born into a noble family, would spiritedly take back a woman who has resided in another's house, even with a mind full of affection?

Words meanings summery:

• कः (kaḥ) - who, what

• पुमान् (pumān) - a man, a male

• हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

• कुले (kule) - in a family, in a noble lineage

• जातः (jātaḥ) - born, originated

• स्त्रियम् (striyam) - a woman

• परगृहोषिताम् (paragṛhoṣitām) - Referring to a woman who has lived in someone else's dwelling, implying a loss of reputation. (who has resided in another's house)

• तेजस्वि (tejasvi) - Modifying the action of 'taking back' with a sense of honor or pride. (spiritedly, vigorously, gloriously)

• पुनः (punaḥ) - Meaning 'back' in the context of taking back. (again, back, moreover)

• आदध्यात् (ādadhyāt) - would take back, would accept

• सुहृल्लेखेन (suhṛllekhena) - Referring to a display of affection or friendship, perhaps superficial given the context. (with a friendly expression, with a show of affection)

• चेतसा (cetasā) - Referring to the inner disposition or sentiment. (by the mind, with the heart, with thought)

Words meanings and morphology

कः (kaḥ) - who, what

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - what, which, who

Note: Interrogative pronoun, subject of 'ādadhyāt'.

पुमान् (pumān) - a man, a male

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pums

pums - man, male, person, hero

Note: Subject of 'ādadhyāt'.

हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

(indeclinable)

कुले (kule) - in a family, in a noble lineage

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of kula

kula - family, lineage, race, noble family

Note: Locative of place/condition for 'jātaḥ'.

जातः (jātaḥ) - born, originated

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jāta

jāta - born, produced, arisen, existing

Past Passive Participle

From √jan (to be born, produce) with kta suffix.

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'pumān'.

स्त्रियम् (striyam) - a woman

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of strī

strī - woman, female

Note: Object of 'ādadhyāt'.

परगृहोषिताम् (paragṛhoṣitām) - Referring to a woman who has lived in someone else's dwelling, implying a loss of reputation. (who has resided in another's house)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of paragṛhoṣita

paragṛhoṣita - one who has resided in another's house

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (para+gṛha+uṣita)

• para – other, another, foreign, hostile
  adjective (masculine)
• gṛha – house, home
  noun (neuter)
• uṣita – resided, dwelt, stayed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √vas (to dwell) with kta suffix, with irregular stem 'uṣ-'.
  Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'striyam'.

तेजस्वि (tejasvi) - Modifying the action of 'taking back' with a sense of honor or pride. (spiritedly, vigorously, gloriously)

(indeclinable)

From 'tejas' (splendor, power) + matup suffix. Used adverbially here.

Note: Modifies 'ādadhyāt'.

पुनः (punaḥ) - Meaning 'back' in the context of taking back. (again, back, moreover)

(indeclinable)

Note: Refers to taking back.

आदध्यात् (ādadhyāt) - would take back, would accept

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of dā

Optative

Third person singular optative active voice of ā-√dā.

Prefix: ā

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: The main verb, expressing a hypothetical question.

सुहृल्लेखेन (suhṛllekhena) - Referring to a display of affection or friendship, perhaps superficial given the context. (with a friendly expression, with a show of affection)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of suhṛllekha

suhṛllekha - friendly expression, show of affection, friendly countenance

Compound of 'suhṛd' (friend) and 'lekha' (mark, writing, expression).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (suhṛd+lekha)

• suhṛd – friend, well-wisher
  noun (masculine)
• lekha – writing, mark, sign, expression, appearance
  noun (masculine)
  From √likh (to write).
  Root: likh (class 6)

Note: Modifies 'ādadhyāt' in conjunction with 'cetasā'.

चेतसा (cetasā) - Referring to the inner disposition or sentiment. (by the mind, with the heart, with thought)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of cetas

cetas - mind, intellect, heart, consciousness

From √cit (to perceive, think).

Root: cit (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'ādadhyāt' in conjunction with 'suhṛllekhena'.