वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-10, verse-8

अदृष्ट्वा किं प्रवक्ष्यामि तामहं जनकात्मजाम् ।
ध्रुवं प्रायमुपेष्यन्ति कालस्य व्यतिवर्तने ॥८॥

8. adṛṣṭvā kiṃ pravakṣyāmi tāmahaṃ janakātmajām ,
dhruvaṃ prāyamupeṣyanti kālasya vyativartane.

8. adṛṣṭvā kim pravakṣyāmi tām aham janakātmajām
| dhruvam prāyam upeṣyanti kālasya vyativartane

8. What shall I say if I have not seen Janaka's daughter (Sītā)? If I return without her, they will surely undertake a fast unto death (prāya) when time passes without success.

Words meanings summery:

• अदृष्ट्वा (adṛṣṭvā) - without seeing, having not seen

• किम् (kim) - what?

• प्रवक्ष्यामि (pravakṣyāmi) - I will say, I shall declare

• ताम् (tām) - her

• अहम् (aham) - I

• जनकात्मजाम् (janakātmajām) - Sītā, the daughter of King Janaka (Janaka's daughter)

• ध्रुवम् (dhruvam) - certainly, surely

• प्रायम् (prāyam) - a fast unto death, suicide, death

• उपेष्यन्ति (upeṣyanti) - they will approach, they will undertake

• कालस्य (kālasya) - of time

• व्यतिवर्तने (vyativartane) - in the passing, in the lapse

Words meanings and morphology

अदृष्ट्वा (adṛṣṭvā) - without seeing, having not seen

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root dṛś- (to see) with negative prefix a- and suffix -tvā

Prefix: a

Root: dṛś (class 1)

किम् (kim) - what?

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what? which?

प्रवक्ष्यामि (pravakṣyāmi) - I will say, I shall declare

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (ḷṛṭ) of pravac

Prefix: pra

Root: vac (class 2)

ताम् (tām) - her

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

जनकात्मजाम् (janakātmajām) - Sītā, the daughter of King Janaka (Janaka's daughter)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of janakātmajā

janakātmajā - daughter of Janaka (Sītā)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (janaka+ātmajā)

• janaka – Janaka (proper name, king of Videha)
  proper noun (masculine)
• ātmajā – daughter
  noun (feminine)

ध्रुवम् (dhruvam) - certainly, surely

(indeclinable)

प्रायम् (prāyam) - a fast unto death, suicide, death

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of prāya

prāya - going forth, approach, end, death, fast unto death, suicide

उपेष्यन्ति (upeṣyanti) - they will approach, they will undertake

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, future (ḷṛṭ) of upai

Root i- (to go) with prefix upa-

Prefix: upa

Root: i (class 2)

कालस्य (kālasya) - of time

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, period, black

व्यतिवर्तने (vyativartane) - in the passing, in the lapse

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vyativartana

vyativartana - passing, lapse, transgression, violation

Derived from root vṛt- (to turn) with prefixes vi- and ati-

Prefixes: vi+ati

Root: vṛt (class 1)