वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-10, verse-17

चतुरङ्गुलमात्रो ऽपि नावकाशः स विद्यते ।
रावणान्तःपुरे तस्मिन्यं कपिर्न जगाम सः ॥१७॥

17. caturaṅgulamātro'pi nāvakāśaḥ sa vidyate ,
rāvaṇāntaḥpure tasminyaṃ kapirna jagāma saḥ.

17. caturaṅgulamātraḥ api na avakāśaḥ saḥ vidyate
rāvaṇāntaḥpure tasmin yam kapiḥ na jagāma saḥ

17. caturaṅgulamātraḥ api na avakāśaḥ saḥ vidyate
rāvaṇāntaḥpure tasmin yam kapiḥ na jagāma saḥ

17. In Rāvaṇa's inner palace, there was no space, not even one of four fingers' breadth (ca. 3 inches), that the ape (kapi) did not visit.

Words meanings summery:

• चतुरङ्गुलमात्रः (caturaṅgulamātraḥ) - merely four fingers' breadth (about 3 inches) (of the measure of four fingers, four fingers' breadth)

• अपि (api) - even (also, even)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• अवकाशः (avakāśaḥ) - space (space, room)

• सः (saḥ) - that (space) (he, that)

• विद्यते (vidyate) - existed (exists, is found)

• रावणान्तःपुरे (rāvaṇāntaḥpure) - in Rāvaṇa's inner palace (in Rāvaṇa's inner palace, in Rāvaṇa's harem)

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that (palace) (in that, in it)

• यम् (yam) - which (space) (which, whom)

• कपिः (kapiḥ) - the ape (Hanuman) (ape, monkey)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• जगाम (jagāma) - went to, visited (went, reached)

• सः (saḥ) - that (space) (he, that)

Words meanings and morphology

चतुरङ्गुलमात्रः (caturaṅgulamātraḥ) - merely four fingers' breadth (about 3 inches) (of the measure of four fingers, four fingers' breadth)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of caturaṅgulamātra

caturaṅgulamātra - of the measure of four fingers

Compound of 'catur' (four) + 'aṅgula' (finger) + 'mātra' (measure, merely).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (catur+aṅgula+mātra)

• catur – four
  numeral
• aṅgula – finger, a measure of finger's breadth
  noun (neuter)
• mātra – measure, size, merely, only
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Refers to 'avakāśaḥ'.

अपि (api) - even (also, even)

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

अवकाशः (avakāśaḥ) - space (space, room)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of avakāśa

avakāśa - space, room, opportunity

From root 'kāś' (to shine, appear) with prefix 'ava' (down, off, away).

Prefix: ava

Root: kāś (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'vidyate'.

सः (saḥ) - that (space) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Nominative singular masculine form of 'tad'.

विद्यते (vidyate) - existed (exists, is found)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vidyate

Present tense, 3rd person singular, middle voice

From root 'vid' (to be, exist).

Root: vid (class 4)

रावणान्तःपुरे (rāvaṇāntaḥpure) - in Rāvaṇa's inner palace (in Rāvaṇa's inner palace, in Rāvaṇa's harem)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of rāvaṇāntaḥpura

rāvaṇāntaḥpura - Rāvaṇa's inner palace, harem

Compound of 'rāvaṇa' + 'antaḥpura'.

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (rāvaṇa+antaḥpura)

• rāvaṇa – Rāvaṇa (proper name)
  proper noun (masculine)
• antaḥpura – inner palace, harem, women's quarters
  noun (neuter)

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that (palace) (in that, in it)

(pronoun)

Locative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Demonstrative pronoun, agrees with 'rāvaṇāntaḥpure'.

यम् (yam) - which (space) (which, whom)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what

Note: Relative pronoun referring to 'avakāśaḥ'.

कपिः (kapiḥ) - the ape (Hanuman) (ape, monkey)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kapi

kapi - monkey, ape

Note: Subject of 'jagāma'.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

जगाम (jagāma) - went to, visited (went, reached)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of jagāma

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice

From root 'gam' (to go). Reduplicated form of Perfect.

Root: gam (class 1)

सः (saḥ) - that (space) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Resumptive pronoun referring to 'avakāśaḥ'.