वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-10, verse-1

स तस्य मध्ये भवनस्य वानरो लतागृहांश्चित्रगृहान्निशागृहान् ।
जगाम सीतां प्रति दर्शनोत्सुको न चैव तां पश्यति चारुदर्शनाम् ॥१॥

1. sa tasya madhye bhavanasya vānaro latāgṛhāṃścitragṛhānniśāgṛhān ,
jagāma sītāṃ prati darśanotsuko na caiva tāṃ paśyati cārudarśanām.

1. saḥ tasya madhye bhavanasya vānaraḥ
latā-gṛhān ca citra-gṛhān niśā-gṛhān
jagāma sītām prati darśana-utsukaḥ
na ca eva tām paśyati cāru-darśanām

1. saḥ vānaraḥ darśana-utsukaḥ sītām
prati tasya bhavanasya madhye latā-gṛhān
ca citra-gṛhān niśā-gṛhān jagāma
ca eva tām cāru-darśanām na paśyati

1. That monkey (Hanumān), eager to see Sītā, searched through the various parts of that palace, including the arbors (latā-gṛhas), painted chambers (citra-gṛhas), and sleeping quarters (niśā-gṛhas), but he did not find her, the one with beautiful form.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he (Hanumān) (he, that)

• तस्य (tasya) - of that (palace) (of that, his)

• मध्ये (madhye) - within (the palace) (in the middle, amidst, within)

• भवनस्य (bhavanasya) - of the palace (of the dwelling, of the house, of the palace)

• वानरः (vānaraḥ) - Hanumān (monkey)

• लता-गृहान् (latā-gṛhān) - creeper-houses, arbors

• च (ca) - and

• चित्र-गृहान् (citra-gṛhān) - painted houses, art galleries

• निशा-गृहान् (niśā-gṛhān) - night-houses, sleeping chambers

• जगाम (jagāma) - searched through (went, reached, traversed)

• सीताम् (sītām) - Sītā (daughter of Janaka) (Sītā)

• प्रति (prati) - towards (finding) Sītā (towards, to, concerning)

• दर्शन-उत्सुकः (darśana-utsukaḥ) - eager to see Sītā (eager to see, desirous of seeing)

• न (na) - not, no

• च (ca) - but (connecting two clauses with contrasting ideas) (and)

• एव (eva) - emphasizes the negation 'not at all' (indeed, certainly, only)

• ताम् (tām) - her (Sītā) (her, that)

• पश्यति (paśyati) - (he) sees (her) (sees, looks)

• चारु-दर्शनाम् (cāru-darśanām) - Sītā, who has a beautiful form (beautiful to look at, of beautiful appearance)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he (Hanumān) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, it

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Subject of 'jagāma'.

तस्य (tasya) - of that (palace) (of that, his)

(pronoun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, it

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Qualifies 'bhavanasya'.

मध्ये (madhye) - within (the palace) (in the middle, amidst, within)

(indeclinable)

Note: Expresses location.

भवनस्य (bhavanasya) - of the palace (of the dwelling, of the house, of the palace)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of bhavana

bhavana - dwelling, house, palace, abode

From root 'bhū' (to be)

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Possessive with 'madhye'.

वानरः (vānaraḥ) - Hanumān (monkey)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vānara

vānara - monkey, ape

Note: Apposition to 'saḥ'.

लता-गृहान् (latā-gṛhān) - creeper-houses, arbors

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of latā-gṛha

latā-gṛha - creeper-house, bower, arbor

Compound of 'latā' and 'gṛha'

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (latā+gṛha)

• latā – creeper, vine
  noun (feminine)
  Root: lat
• gṛha – house, dwelling
  noun (neuter)
  Root: gṛh

Note: Object of 'jagāma' (as in 'traversed through').

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

चित्र-गृहान् (citra-gṛhān) - painted houses, art galleries

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of citra-gṛha

citra-gṛha - painted house, picture gallery, decorated room

Compound of 'citra' and 'gṛha'

Compound type : karmadhāraya (citra+gṛha)

• citra – painted, variegated, wonderful, picture
  adjective (neuter)
  Root: citr (class 10)
• gṛha – house, dwelling
  noun (neuter)
  Root: gṛh

Note: Object of 'jagāma'.

निशा-गृहान् (niśā-gṛhān) - night-houses, sleeping chambers

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of niśā-gṛha

niśā-gṛha - night-house, sleeping chamber

Compound of 'niśā' and 'gṛha'

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (niśā+gṛha)

• niśā – night
  noun (feminine)
  Root: niś
• gṛha – house, dwelling
  noun (neuter)
  Root: gṛh

Note: Object of 'jagāma'.

जगाम (jagāma) - searched through (went, reached, traversed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of gam

perfect active

From root 'gam' (to go), perfect tense, parasmaipada. Reduplicated root for perfect tense.

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Main verb.

सीताम् (sītām) - Sītā (daughter of Janaka) (Sītā)

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sītā

sītā - Sītā (name of Rāma's wife)

Note: Object of 'prati'.

प्रति (prati) - towards (finding) Sītā (towards, to, concerning)

(indeclinable)

Preposition/postposition

दर्शन-उत्सुकः (darśana-utsukaḥ) - eager to see Sītā (eager to see, desirous of seeing)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of darśana-utsuka

darśana-utsuka - eager for sight, desirous of seeing

Compound of 'darśana' (seeing) and 'utsuka' (eager)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (darśana+utsuka)

• darśana – seeing, sight, vision, appearance
  noun (neuter)
  From root 'dṛś' (to see)
  Root: dṛś (class 1)
• utsuka – eager, anxious, desirous
  adjective (masculine)
  Prefix: ut
  Root: utsuk

Note: Qualifies 'vānaraḥ'.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates 'paśyati'.

च (ca) - but (connecting two clauses with contrasting ideas) (and)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - emphasizes the negation 'not at all' (indeed, certainly, only)

(indeclinable)

ताम् (tām) - her (Sītā) (her, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Object of 'paśyati'.

पश्यति (paśyati) - (he) sees (her) (sees, looks)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of paś

present active

Root 'dṛś' (to see), present stem 'paśya'

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the second clause.

चारु-दर्शनाम् (cāru-darśanām) - Sītā, who has a beautiful form (beautiful to look at, of beautiful appearance)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of cāru-darśanā

cāru-darśanā - beautiful to look at, having a lovely appearance

Bahuvrīhi compound: 'whose sight is beautiful'.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (cāru+darśana)

• cāru – beautiful, lovely, charming
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: car
• darśana – seeing, sight, vision, appearance
  noun (neuter)
  From root 'dṛś' (to see)
  Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Sītā (implicit or 'tām').