वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-34, verse-20

तांश्च प्रतीक्षमाणो ऽयं विक्रान्तान् सुमहाबलान् ।
राघवस्यार्थसिद्ध्यर्थं न निर्याति हरीश्वरः ॥२०॥

20. tāṃśca pratīkṣamāṇo'yaṃ vikrāntān sumahābalān ,
rāghavasyārthasiddhyarthaṃ na niryāti harīśvaraḥ.

20. tān ca pratīkṣamāṇaḥ ayam vikrāntān sumahābalān
rāghavasya arthasiddhyartham na niryāti harīśvaraḥ

20. ayam harīśvaraḥ ca tān vikrāntān sumahābalān pratīkṣamāṇaḥ,
rāghavasya arthasiddhyartham na niryāti

20. This lord of monkeys (harīśvara), awaiting those valiant and exceedingly mighty ones, does not set out, so that Rama's objective (artha) may be accomplished.

Words meanings summery:

• तान् (tān) - them (masculine plural)

• च (ca) - and

• प्रतीक्षमाणः (pratīkṣamāṇaḥ) - awaiting, expecting

• अयम् (ayam) - this one, he

• विक्रान्तान् (vikrāntān) - valiant, mighty

• सुमहाबलान् (sumahābalān) - very mighty, exceedingly powerful

• राघवस्य (rāghavasya) - of Rama, of the descendant of Raghu

• अर्थसिद्ध्यर्थम् (arthasiddhyartham) - for the accomplishment of the purpose/objective

• न (na) - not, no

• निर्याति (niryāti) - sets out, departs

• हरीश्वरः (harīśvaraḥ) - lord of monkeys, king of vanaras

Words meanings and morphology

तान् (tān) - them (masculine plural)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: accusative plural masculine of 'tad'

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

प्रतीक्षमाणः (pratīkṣamāṇaḥ) - awaiting, expecting

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pratīkṣamāṇa

pratīkṣamāṇa - awaiting, expecting, looking for

Present Middle Participle

Derived from prefix prati + √īkṣ (to see, look at) with middle voice present participle ending -māna

Prefix: prati

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: masculine singular nominative of present middle participle

अयम् (ayam) - this one, he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: nominative singular masculine of 'idam'

विक्रान्तान् (vikrāntān) - valiant, mighty

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vikrānta

vikrānta - valiant, brave, mighty, powerful

Past Passive Participle

Derived from prefix vi + √kram (to step, stride, overpower)

Prefix: vi

Root: kram (class 1)

Note: masculine plural accusative of past passive participle

सुमहाबलान् (sumahābalān) - very mighty, exceedingly powerful

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sumahābala

sumahābala - very mighty, exceedingly powerful, possessing great strength

Compound of su (very) + mahābala (mighty/powerful)

राघवस्य (rāghavasya) - of Rama, of the descendant of Raghu

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rāghava

rāghava - Rama, descendant of Raghu

Patronymic from Raghu

अर्थसिद्ध्यर्थम् (arthasiddhyartham) - for the accomplishment of the purpose/objective

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of arthasiddhyartha

arthasiddhyartha - for the accomplishment of a purpose/object

Compound of artha (purpose) + siddhi (accomplishment) + artha (for the sake of)

Compound type : tatpurusha (artha+siddhi+artha)

• artha – purpose, meaning, object, wealth
  noun (masculine)
• siddhi – accomplishment, success, perfection, supernatural power
  noun (feminine)
  From √sidh (to succeed, accomplish)
  Root: sidh (class 4)
• artha – for the sake of, purpose, meaning, object
  noun (masculine)

Note: used adverbially to denote purpose

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

निर्याति (niryāti) - sets out, departs

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of niryā

Prefix: nir

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: present active indicative third person singular

हरीश्वरः (harīśvaraḥ) - lord of monkeys, king of vanaras

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of harīśvara

harīśvara - lord of monkeys, lord of Hari (Vishnu), a name of Shiva

Compound of hari (monkey) + īśvara (lord)

Compound type : tatpurusha (hari+īśvara)

• hari – monkey, ape, lion, Vishnu, sun
  noun (masculine)
• īśvara – lord, master, ruler, god
  noun (masculine)
  Root: īś (class 2)

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