वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-34, verse-17

ते न शक्या रणे हन्तुमसहायेन लक्ष्मण ।
रावणः क्रूरकर्मा च सुग्रीवेण विशेषतः ॥१७॥

17. te na śakyā raṇe hantumasahāyena lakṣmaṇa ,
rāvaṇaḥ krūrakarmā ca sugrīveṇa viśeṣataḥ.

17. te na śakyāḥ raṇe hantum asahāyena lakṣmaṇa
rāvaṇaḥ krūrakarmā ca sugrīveṇa viśeṣataḥ

17. lakṣmaṇa! te raṇe asahāyena hantum na śakyāḥ.
ca krūrakarmā rāvaṇaḥ sugrīveṇa viśeṣataḥ (hantum na śakyaḥ)

17. O Lakṣmaṇa, those (Rākṣasas) cannot be killed in battle by an unassisted person. And Rāvaṇa, whose deeds are cruel (karma), cannot be killed, especially not by Sugrīva alone.

Words meanings summery:

• ते (te) - those Rākṣasas mentioned in the previous verse (they, those (masculine))

• न (na) - not

• शक्याः (śakyāḥ) - possible, able (plural masculine)

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in war

• हन्तुम् (hantum) - to kill

• असहायेन (asahāyena) - by an unassisted one, by one without help

• लक्ष्मण (lakṣmaṇa) - O Lakṣmaṇa!

• रावणः (rāvaṇaḥ) - Rāvaṇa

• क्रूरकर्मा (krūrakarmā) - one whose deeds are cruel, cruel-doer

• च (ca) - and, also

• सुग्रीवेण (sugrīveṇa) - by Sugrīva

• विशेषतः (viśeṣataḥ) - especially, particularly

Words meanings and morphology

ते (te) - those Rākṣasas mentioned in the previous verse (they, those (masculine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, he, she, it

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

शक्याः (śakyāḥ) - possible, able (plural masculine)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śakya

śakya - possible, capable, fit to be done, practicable

gerundive/future passive participle

Derived from the root √śak (to be able) with the suffix -ya.

Root: śak (class 5)

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, combat, war, conflict

हन्तुम् (hantum) - to kill

(indeclinable)

infinitive

Formed from the root √han (to strike, kill) with the infinitive suffix -tum.

Root: han (class 2)

असहायेन (asahāyena) - by an unassisted one, by one without help

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of asahāya

asahāya - helpless, unaccompanied, unassisted, without aid

Compound of 'a-' (negation) and 'sahāya' (companion, helper).

लक्ष्मण (lakṣmaṇa) - O Lakṣmaṇa!

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of lakṣmaṇa

lakṣmaṇa - Lakṣmaṇa (Rāma's younger brother)

रावणः (rāvaṇaḥ) - Rāvaṇa

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa

rāvaṇa - Rāvaṇa (the demon king of Lankā)

क्रूरकर्मा (krūrakarmā) - one whose deeds are cruel, cruel-doer

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of krūrakarman

krūrakarman - one whose actions are cruel, having cruel deeds (karma)

Bahuvrīhi compound of 'krūra' (cruel) and 'karman' (deed).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (krūra+karman)

• krūra – cruel, fierce, harsh
  adjective (masculine)
• karman – action, deed, work (karma)
  noun (neuter)
  From root √kṛ (to do) + suffix -man.
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

सुग्रीवेण (sugrīveṇa) - by Sugrīva

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of sugrīva

sugrīva - Sugrīva (name of the monkey king)

विशेषतः (viśeṣataḥ) - especially, particularly

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'viśeṣa' (distinction) with the suffix '-tas'.

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