वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-15, verse-5

शब्दं दुर्मर्षणं श्रुत्वा निष्पपात ततो हरिः ।
वेगेन चरणन्यासैर्दारयन्निव मेदिनीम् ॥५॥

5. śabdaṃ durmarṣaṇaṃ śrutvā niṣpapāta tato hariḥ ,
vegena caraṇanyāsairdārayanniva medinīm.

5. śabdam durmarṣaṇam śrutvā niṣpapāta tataḥ
hariḥ vegena caraṇanyāsaiḥ dārayan iva medinīm

5. durmarṣaṇam śabdam śrutvā tataḥ hariḥ vegena
caraṇanyāsaiḥ medinīm dārayan iva niṣpapāta

5. Upon hearing that unbearable sound, Vali (Hari) then rushed forth swiftly, as if tearing the earth apart with his forceful strides.

Words meanings summery:

• शब्दम् (śabdam) - sound, roar, word

• दुर्मर्षणम् (durmarṣaṇam) - unbearable, intolerable

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard, after hearing

• निष्पपात (niṣpapāta) - rushed out, fell out, came forth

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, from there

• हरिः (hariḥ) - Vali (a monkey king) (Vali, monkey, lion, Vishnu, Indra)

• वेगेन (vegena) - with speed, swiftly, forcibly

• चरणन्यासैः (caraṇanyāsaiḥ) - by foot-steps, with strides

• दारयन् (dārayan) - tearing, splitting

• इव (iva) - like, as if

• मेदिनीम् (medinīm) - the earth

Words meanings and morphology

शब्दम् (śabdam) - sound, roar, word

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śabda

śabda - sound, noise, word

From root śabd (to sound).

Root: śabd (class 1)

Note: Object of `śrutvā`.

दुर्मर्षणम् (durmarṣaṇam) - unbearable, intolerable

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of durmarṣaṇa

durmarṣaṇa - unbearable, intolerable, difficult to endure

Gerundive / Verbal Noun

From root mṛṣ- (to endure) with prefix dur- and suffix -ana.

Prefix: dur

Root: mṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Agreement with 'śabdam'.

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard, after hearing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root śru- with suffix -tvā

Root: śru (class 5)

निष्पपात (niṣpapāta) - rushed out, fell out, came forth

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of niṣpat

Perfect active indicative, 3rd person singular

From root pat- (to fall) with prefix nis-. Reduplicated form.

Prefix: nis

Root: pat (class 1)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, from there

(indeclinable)

Formed from tad with the suffix -tas.

हरिः (hariḥ) - Vali (a monkey king) (Vali, monkey, lion, Vishnu, Indra)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hari

hari - brown, tawny, lion, monkey, Indra, Vishnu, Sun

From root hṛ (to take, seize).

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

वेगेन (vegena) - with speed, swiftly, forcibly

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vega

vega - speed, impulse, force, current

From root vij- (to tremble, move quickly).

Root: vij (class 6)

Note: Adverbial usage, indicating manner.

चरणन्यासैः (caraṇanyāsaiḥ) - by foot-steps, with strides

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of caraṇanyāsa

caraṇanyāsa - setting down of feet, footstep, stride

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (caraṇa+nyāsa)

• caraṇa – foot, leg, movement
  noun (masculine)
  From root car (to move, walk).
  Root: car (class 1)
• nyāsa – placing, setting down, step, stride
  noun (masculine)
  From root as- (to throw, cast) with prefix ni-.
  Prefix: ni
  Root: as (class 4)

Note: Instrument of action.

दारयन् (dārayan) - tearing, splitting

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dārayat

dārayat - tearing, splitting, cleaving

Present Active Participle

From causal of root dṛ- (to tear, burst) with suffix -at.

Root: dṛ (class 10)

Note: Describes Hari's action while rushing out.

इव (iva) - like, as if

(indeclinable)

मेदिनीम् (medinīm) - the earth

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of medinī

medinī - the earth, soil

Derived from meda (fat, marrow, sap), referring to the rich earth.

Note: Object of `dārayan`.