वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-13, verse-4

पृष्ठतो हनुमान् वीरो नलो नीलश्च वानरः ।
तारश्चैव महातेजा हरियूथप यूथपाः ॥४॥

4. pṛṣṭhato hanumān vīro nalo nīlaśca vānaraḥ ,
tāraścaiva mahātejā hariyūthapa yūthapāḥ.

4. pṛṣṭhataḥ hanumān vīraḥ nalaḥ nīlaḥ ca vānaraḥ
tāraḥ ca eva mahātejāḥ hariyūthapaḥ yūthapāḥ

4. vīraḥ hanumān nalaḥ ca nīlaḥ vānaraḥ ca mahātejāḥ
tāraḥ eva pṛṣṭhataḥ hariyūthapaḥ yūthapāḥ

4. Behind him were the heroic Hanuman; Nala and Nila, the monkeys; and also the mighty Tara, who was a chief of the monkey troops, and all of them were troop leaders.

Words meanings summery:

• पृष्ठतः (pṛṣṭhataḥ) - behind, from behind

• हनुमान् (hanumān) - Hanuman

• वीरः (vīraḥ) - heroic, brave man, warrior

• नलः (nalaḥ) - Nala

• नीलः (nīlaḥ) - Nila

• च (ca) - and, also

• वानरः (vānaraḥ) - monkey, ape

• तारः (tāraḥ) - Tara

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - indeed, just, only, also

• महातेजाः (mahātejāḥ) - greatly radiant, mighty, very brilliant

• हरियूथपः (hariyūthapaḥ) - Refers to Tara as a singular 'chief of monkey troops'. (chief of monkey troops, monkey general)

• यूथपाः (yūthapāḥ) - Refers to Hanuman, Nala, Nila, and Tara collectively. (troop-leaders, chiefs of bands)

Words meanings and morphology

पृष्ठतः (pṛṣṭhataḥ) - behind, from behind

(indeclinable)

Formed with suffix tas from pṛṣṭha

हनुमान् (hanumān) - Hanuman

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hanumat

hanumat - Hanuman (the monkey general)

Note: Subject of implied verb 'were'.

वीरः (vīraḥ) - heroic, brave man, warrior

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vīra

vīra - heroic, brave man, warrior

Note: Agrees with 'hanumān'.

नलः (nalaḥ) - Nala

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nala

nala - Nala (a monkey general, son of Vishwakarma)

Note: Subject of implied verb 'were'.

नीलः (nīlaḥ) - Nila

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nīla

nīla - Nila (a monkey general, son of Agni)

Note: Subject of implied verb 'were'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects Nila.

वानरः (vānaraḥ) - monkey, ape

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vānara

vānara - monkey, ape

Note: Functions as a descriptor for Nala and Nila (or Nila specifically).

तारः (tāraḥ) - Tara

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tāra

tāra - Tara (a monkey general, son of Brihaspati)

Note: Subject of implied verb 'were'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects Tara.

एव (eva) - indeed, just, only, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

महातेजाः (mahātejāḥ) - greatly radiant, mighty, very brilliant

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahātejas

mahātejas - greatly radiant, mighty, very brilliant (maha + tejas)

Bahuvrīhi compound

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+tejas)

• mahā – great, large
  indeclinable
• tejas – radiance, brilliance, energy
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'tāraḥ'.

हरियूथपः (hariyūthapaḥ) - Refers to Tara as a singular 'chief of monkey troops'. (chief of monkey troops, monkey general)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hariyūthapa

hariyūthapa - chief of monkey troops, monkey general

Tatpuruṣa compound (hari + yūthapa)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (hari+yūthapa)

• hari – monkey
  noun (masculine)
• yūthapa – leader of a troop
  noun (masculine)

यूथपाः (yūthapāḥ) - Refers to Hanuman, Nala, Nila, and Tara collectively. (troop-leaders, chiefs of bands)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yūthapa

yūthapa - leader of a troop, chief of a band

Tatpuruṣa compound (yūtha + pa)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yūtha+pa)

• yūtha – troop, herd, band
  noun (neuter)
• pa – protector, guardian, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  From root pā (to protect)
  Root: pā (class 2)