वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-13, verse-20

पक्षिणो वर्जयन्त्येतत्तथान्ये वनचारिणः ।
विशन्ति मोहाद् ये ऽप्यत्र निवर्तन्ते न ते पुनः ॥२०॥

20. pakṣiṇo varjayantyetattathānye vanacāriṇaḥ ,
viśanti mohād ye'pyatra nivartante na te punaḥ.

20. pakṣiṇaḥ varjayanti etat tathā anye vanacāriṇaḥ
viśanti mohāt ye api atra nivartante na te punaḥ

20. pakṣiṇaḥ anye vanacāriṇaḥ tathā etat varjayanti
ye api mohāt atra viśanti te punaḥ na nivartante

20. Birds avoid this place, and similarly, other forest-dwelling creatures shun it. Even those who enter here out of delusion never return.

Words meanings summery:

• पक्षिणः (pakṣiṇaḥ) - birds (in general) (birds)

• वर्जयन्ति (varjayanti) - they keep away from (they avoid, they shun)

• एतत् (etat) - this place (the āśrama) (this, this one)

• तथा (tathā) - and similarly (thus, so, in the same way, similarly)

• अन्ये (anye) - other (creatures) (other)

• वनचारिणः (vanacāriṇaḥ) - other creatures living in the forest (forest dwellers, animals living in the forest)

• विशन्ति (viśanti) - they attempt to enter (they enter)

• मोहात् (mohāt) - due to their ignorance or foolishness (from delusion, out of ignorance)

• ये (ye) - those (beings) who (who, those who)

• अपि (api) - even (those who) (even, also)

• अत्र (atra) - in this hermitage (āśrama) (here, in this place)

• निवर्तन्ते (nivartante) - they do not come back (alive) (they return, they turn back)

• न (na) - do not (not, no)

• ते (te) - those (who entered) (they)

• पुनः (punaḥ) - return again (again, back)

Words meanings and morphology

पक्षिणः (pakṣiṇaḥ) - birds (in general) (birds)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pakṣin

pakṣin - bird, winged creature

Note: Subject of 'varjayanti'.

वर्जयन्ति (varjayanti) - they keep away from (they avoid, they shun)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of vṛj

Present Active Indicative

Causal form of root vṛj.

Root: vṛj (class 10)

एतत् (etat) - this place (the āśrama) (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Note: Direct object of 'varjayanti'.

तथा (tathā) - and similarly (thus, so, in the same way, similarly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects clauses, indicates comparison.

अन्ये (anye) - other (creatures) (other)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of anya

anya - other, another

Note: Refers to 'vanacāriṇaḥ'.

वनचारिणः (vanacāriṇaḥ) - other creatures living in the forest (forest dwellers, animals living in the forest)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vanacārin

vanacārin - forest dweller, wild animal

Compound of vana (forest) and cārin (moving, dwelling).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vana+cārin)

• vana – forest, wood
  noun (neuter)
• cārin – moving, wandering, dwelling
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun/adjective
  Derived from root car (to move, wander).
  Root: car (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'varjayanti' (implicitly).

विशन्ति (viśanti) - they attempt to enter (they enter)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of viś

Present Active Indicative

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Verb for 'ye'.

मोहात् (mohāt) - due to their ignorance or foolishness (from delusion, out of ignorance)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of moha

moha - delusion, infatuation, ignorance, bewilderment

Derived from root muh (to be bewildered).

Root: muh (class 4)

Note: Indicates the cause for entering.

ये (ye) - those (beings) who (who, those who)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - which, who, what

Note: Relative pronoun, subject of 'viśanti'.

अपि (api) - even (those who) (even, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes the scope of the statement.

अत्र (atra) - in this hermitage (āśrama) (here, in this place)

(indeclinable)

Note: Locative adverb.

निवर्तन्ते (nivartante) - they do not come back (alive) (they return, they turn back)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (lat) of vṛt

Present Middle Indicative

Root vṛt with prefix ni.

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Verb for 'te'.

न (na) - do not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates the verb 'nivartante'.

ते (te) - those (who entered) (they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Correlative pronoun for 'ye'.

पुनः (punaḥ) - return again (again, back)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes the non-return.

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