वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-13, verse-12

तेषां तु गच्छतां तत्र त्वरितं रघुनन्दनः ।
द्रुमषण्डं वनं दृष्ट्वा रामः सुग्रीवमब्रवीत् ॥१२॥

12. teṣāṃ tu gacchatāṃ tatra tvaritaṃ raghunandanaḥ ,
drumaṣaṇḍaṃ vanaṃ dṛṣṭvā rāmaḥ sugrīvamabravīt.

12. teṣām tu gacchatām tatra tvaritam raghunandanaḥ
drumaṣaṇḍam vanam dṛṣṭvā rāmaḥ sugrīvam abravīt

12. तत्र त्वरितम् गच्छताम् तेषाम् तु द्रुमषण्डम्
वनम् दृष्ट्वा रघुनन्दनः रामः सुग्रीवम् अब्रवीत्

12. As they were proceeding there swiftly, Rāma (raghunandana), having seen a forest with thickets of trees, spoke to Sugrīva.

Words meanings summery:

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them, among them

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• गच्छताम् (gacchatām) - of those going, while they were going

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

• त्वरितम् (tvaritam) - quickly, swiftly

• रघुनन्दनः (raghunandanaḥ) - Rāma (raghunandana) (delight of Raghu, descendant of Raghu (epithet of Rama))

• द्रुमषण्डम् (drumaṣaṇḍam) - a thicket of trees, a cluster of trees

• वनम् (vanam) - forest, wood

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

• रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rāma (name of the prince)

• सुग्रीवम् (sugrīvam) - to Sugrīva

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

Words meanings and morphology

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them, among them

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

गच्छताम् (gacchatām) - of those going, while they were going

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of gacchat

gacchat - going, moving

Present Active Participle

Present Active Participle of √gam (to go).

Root: gam (class 1)

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

(indeclinable)

त्वरितम् (tvaritam) - quickly, swiftly

(indeclinable)

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of √tvar (to hurry). Used adverbially here.

Root: tvar (class 1)

Note: Functions adverbially

रघुनन्दनः (raghunandanaḥ) - Rāma (raghunandana) (delight of Raghu, descendant of Raghu (epithet of Rama))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of raghunandana

raghunandana - son of Raghu, delight of Raghu

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (Raghu+nandana)

• Raghu – Raghu (a solar dynasty king, ancestor of Rama)
  proper noun (masculine)
• nandana – son, delight, gladdening
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root √nand (to rejoice).
  Root: nand (class 1)

द्रुमषण्डम् (drumaṣaṇḍam) - a thicket of trees, a cluster of trees

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of drumaṣaṇḍa

drumaṣaṇḍa - thicket of trees, cluster of trees

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (druma+ṣaṇḍa)

• druma – tree
  noun (masculine)
• ṣaṇḍa – thicket, clump, grove, group
  noun (masculine/neuter)

वनम् (vanam) - forest, wood

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Absolutive (gerund) of √dṛś (to see).

Root: dṛś (class 1)

रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rāma (name of the prince)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rāma (an incarnation of Vishnu)

सुग्रीवम् (sugrīvam) - to Sugrīva

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sugrīva

sugrīva - Sugrīva (name of the Vanara king)

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (Laṅ) of brū

Root: brū (class 2)