वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-13, verse-3

अग्रतस्तु ययौ तस्य राघवस्य महात्मनः ।
सुग्रीवः संहतग्रीवो लक्ष्मणश्च महाबलः ॥३॥

3. agratastu yayau tasya rāghavasya mahātmanaḥ ,
sugrīvaḥ saṃhatagrīvo lakṣmaṇaśca mahābalaḥ.

3. agrataḥ tu yayau tasya rāghavasya mahātmanaḥ
sugrīvaḥ saṃhatagrīvaḥ lakṣmaṇaḥ ca mahābalaḥ

3. sugrīvaḥ saṃhatagrīvaḥ ca mahābalaḥ lakṣmaṇaḥ
tu tasya mahātmanaḥ rāghavasya agrataḥ yayau

3. In front of that magnanimous Rama (rāghava) walked Sugriva, who possessed a strong neck, and the mighty Lakshmana.

Words meanings summery:

• अग्रतः (agrataḥ) - in front, ahead

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, yet, moreover

• ययौ (yayau) - went

• तस्य (tasya) - Of Rama (of him, his, of that)

• राघवस्य (rāghavasya) - of Rama, of the descendant of Raghu

• महात्मनः (mahātmanaḥ) - of the magnanimous, of the great-souled

• सुग्रीवः (sugrīvaḥ) - Sugriva

• संहतग्रीवः (saṁhatagrīvaḥ) - compact-necked, strong-necked

• लक्ष्मणः (lakṣmaṇaḥ) - Lakshmana

• च (ca) - and, also

• महाबलः (mahābalaḥ) - mighty, great-powered

Words meanings and morphology

अग्रतः (agrataḥ) - in front, ahead

(indeclinable)

Formed with suffix tas from agra

तु (tu) - but, indeed, yet, moreover

(indeclinable)

Note: An emphatic particle.

ययौ (yayau) - went

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of gam

Perfect Active

3rd person singular, Perfect Active

Root: gam (class 1)

तस्य (tasya) - Of Rama (of him, his, of that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Agrees with 'rāghavasya' and 'mahātmanaḥ'.

राघवस्य (rāghavasya) - of Rama, of the descendant of Raghu

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rāghava

rāghava - descendant of Raghu, Rama

Note: Refers to Rama.

महात्मनः (mahātmanaḥ) - of the magnanimous, of the great-souled

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - magnanimous, great-souled, noble (maha + ātman)

Bahuvrīhi compound

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahat+ātman)

• mahat – great, large
  adjective
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, individual soul (ātman)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'rāghavasya'.

सुग्रीवः (sugrīvaḥ) - Sugriva

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sugrīva

sugrīva - Sugriva (the monkey king)

Bahuvrīhi compound (su + grīva)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+grīva)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
• grīva – neck
  noun (masculine)

Note: One of the subjects of 'yayau'.

संहतग्रीवः (saṁhatagrīvaḥ) - compact-necked, strong-necked

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃhatagrīva

saṁhatagrīva - having a compact neck, strong-necked

Bahuvrīhi compound

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (saṃhata+grīva)

• saṃhata – compact, firm, close
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root han (to strike, unite) with sam- prefix + kta suffix
  Prefix: sam
  Root: han (class 2)
• grīva – neck
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'sugrīvaḥ'.

लक्ष्मणः (lakṣmaṇaḥ) - Lakshmana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of lakṣmaṇa

lakṣmaṇa - Lakshmana (Rama's brother)

Note: One of the subjects of 'yayau'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects Lakshmana.

महाबलः (mahābalaḥ) - mighty, great-powered

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahābala

mahābala - mighty, great strength, very powerful

Bahuvrīhi compound

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+bala)

• mahā – great, large
  indeclinable
• bala – strength, power, force
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'lakṣmaṇaḥ'.