वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-8, verse-2

अयं धर्मः सुसूक्ष्मेण विधिना प्राप्यते महान् ।
निवृत्तेन च शक्यो ऽयं व्यसनात् कामजादिह ॥२॥

2. ayaṃ dharmaḥ susūkṣmeṇa vidhinā prāpyate mahān ,
nivṛttena ca śakyo'yaṃ vyasanāt kāmajādiha.

2. ayam dharmaḥ susūkṣmeṇa vidhinā prāpyate mahān
nivṛttena ca śakyaḥ ayam vyasanāt kāmajāt iha

2. ayam mahān dharmaḥ susūkṣmeṇa vidhinā prāpyate
ca iha ayam kāmajāt vyasanāt nivṛttena śakyaḥ

2. This great natural law (dharma) is achieved through a very subtle method. And here, this [dharma] is possible for one who has abstained from vices born of desire.

Words meanings summery:

• अयम् (ayam) - this (this (masculine))

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law (dharma) (constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty)

• सुसूक्ष्मेण (susūkṣmeṇa) - by a very subtle (by a very subtle, by a very minute)

• विधिना (vidhinā) - through a method (by method, by rule, by ordinance, by destiny)

• प्राप्यते (prāpyate) - is achieved (is obtained, is reached, is attained)

• महान् (mahān) - great (great, large, important)

• निवृत्तेन (nivṛttena) - for one who has abstained (by one who has abstained, by one who has turned away, by one who has ceased)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• शक्यः (śakyaḥ) - possible (possible, capable, able to be done)

• अयम् (ayam) - this (dharma) (this (masculine))

• व्यसनात् (vyasanāt) - from vices (from vice, from misfortune, from addiction)

• कामजात् (kāmajāt) - from vices born of desire (from that born of desire, from lust-born)

• इह (iha) - here (here, in this world, in this case)

Words meanings and morphology

अयम् (ayam) - this (this (masculine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this

Note: Refers to dharmaḥ.

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law (dharma) (constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty, virtue, cosmic order

From root dhṛ (to uphold, support).

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Subject of prāpyate.

सुसूक्ष्मेण (susūkṣmeṇa) - by a very subtle (by a very subtle, by a very minute)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of susūkṣma

susūkṣma - very subtle, very minute, extremely delicate

Compound of su- (very) + sūkṣma (subtle).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+sūkṣma)

• su – good, well, very, excellent
  indeclinable
• sūkṣma – subtle, minute, delicate, fine
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Agrees with vidhinā.

विधिना (vidhinā) - through a method (by method, by rule, by ordinance, by destiny)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vidhi

vidhi - method, rule, injunction, destiny, manner

From root dhā with prefix vi-.

Prefix: vi

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Indicates the means by which dharma is obtained.

प्राप्यते (prāpyate) - is achieved (is obtained, is reached, is attained)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of prāp

From prefix pra- + root āp.

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Action of obtaining.

महान् (mahān) - great (great, large, important)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, eminent, powerful

Root adjective.

Note: Agrees with dharmaḥ.

निवृत्तेन (nivṛttena) - for one who has abstained (by one who has abstained, by one who has turned away, by one who has ceased)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of nivṛtta

nivṛtta - abstained, turned back, ceased, retired

Past Passive Participle

Formed from prefix ni- + root vṛt + suffix kta.

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Agent of possibility, "by whom it is possible."

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects ideas.

शक्यः (śakyaḥ) - possible (possible, capable, able to be done)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śakya

śakya - possible, capable, able to be done

Gerundive / Future Passive Participle

Formed from root śak + suffix ya.

Root: śak (class 5)

Note: Predicate adjective for ayam.

अयम् (ayam) - this (dharma) (this (masculine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this

Note: Refers to dharmaḥ.

व्यसनात् (vyasanāt) - from vices (from vice, from misfortune, from addiction)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of vyasana

vyasana - vice, misfortune, calamity, addiction

From root as with prefix vi- and sa-.

Prefix: vi

Root: as (class 4)

Note: Indicates the source from which one must abstain.

कामजात् (kāmajāt) - from vices born of desire (from that born of desire, from lust-born)

(adjective)

Ablative, neuter, singular of kāmaja

kāmaja - born of desire, produced by love or desire

Compound of kāma (desire) + ja (born).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kāma+ja)

• kāma – desire, wish, love, sensual pleasure
  noun (masculine)
• ja – born, produced from, caused by
  adjective (masculine)
  From root jan (to be born).
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Refers to vyasana.

इह (iha) - here (here, in this world, in this case)

(indeclinable)

Note: Indicates location or context.