वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-63, verse-13

तं दीनदीनया वाचा सफेनं रुधिरं वमन् ।
अभ्यभाषत पक्षी तु रामं दशरथात्मजम् ॥१३॥

13. taṃ dīnadīnayā vācā saphenaṃ rudhiraṃ vaman ,
abhyabhāṣata pakṣī tu rāmaṃ daśarathātmajam.

13. tam dīnadīnayā vācā saphenam rudhiram vaman
abhyabhāṣata pakṣī tu rāmam daśarathātmajam

13. pakṣī tu dīnadīnayā vācā saphenam rudhiram
vaman tam daśarathātmajam rāmam abhyabhāṣata

13. But the bird, vomiting frothy blood, addressed Rāma, the son of Daśaratha, with a voice that was exceedingly piteous.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - Rama (him (accusative singular masculine))

• दीनदीनया (dīnadīnayā) - with a very piteous, with a very miserable (instrumental singular feminine)

• वाचा (vācā) - by speech, with a voice (instrumental singular feminine)

• सफेनम् (saphenam) - with foam, frothy (accusative singular neuter)

• रुधिरम् (rudhiram) - blood (accusative singular neuter)

• वमन् (vaman) - vomiting, spitting out (nominative singular masculine)

• अभ्यभाषत (abhyabhāṣata) - he addressed, he spoke to

• पक्षी (pakṣī) - Jaṭāyu, the vulture (the bird (nominative singular masculine))

• तु (tu) - but, on the other hand

• रामम् (rāmam) - Prince Rama (Rama (accusative singular))

• दशरथात्मजम् (daśarathātmajam) - son of Dasharatha (accusative singular masculine)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - Rama (him (accusative singular masculine))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

दीनदीनया (dīnadīnayā) - with a very piteous, with a very miserable (instrumental singular feminine)

(adjective)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of dīnadīna

dīnadīna - very piteous, very miserable, exceedingly weak

Repetition of dīna for emphasis

Compound type : karmadhāraya (dīna+dīna)

• dīna – pitiable, miserable, distressed, weak
  adjective (feminine)
• dīna – pitiable, miserable, distressed, weak
  adjective (feminine)

Note: Qualifies "vācā"

वाचा (vācā) - by speech, with a voice (instrumental singular feminine)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of vāc

vāc - speech, voice, word

सफेनम् (saphenam) - with foam, frothy (accusative singular neuter)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of saphena

saphena - with foam, frothy

from prefix sa- (with) + phena (foam)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+phena)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• phena – foam, froth
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies "rudhiram"

रुधिरम् (rudhiram) - blood (accusative singular neuter)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rudhira

rudhira - blood, red

Note: Object of "vaman"

वमन् (vaman) - vomiting, spitting out (nominative singular masculine)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vamat

vamat - vomiting, spitting out

Present Active Participle

from root vam (to vomit) + suffix -śatṛ

Root: vam (class 1)

Note: Qualifies "pakṣī"

अभ्यभाषत (abhyabhāṣata) - he addressed, he spoke to

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of abhibhāṣ

Imperfect Middle Third Person Singular

from prefix abhi- + root bhāṣ (to speak) + imperfect middle ending

Prefix: abhi

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

Note: The prefix `abhi` is implied in the stem.

पक्षी (pakṣī) - Jaṭāyu, the vulture (the bird (nominative singular masculine))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pakṣin

pakṣin - bird, winged creature

Note: Subject of "abhyabhāṣata"

तु (tu) - but, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

रामम् (rāmam) - Prince Rama (Rama (accusative singular))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (proper name); pleasing, beautiful

Note: Object of "abhyabhāṣata"

दशरथात्मजम् (daśarathātmajam) - son of Dasharatha (accusative singular masculine)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of daśarathātmaja

daśarathātmaja - son of Dasharatha

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (daśaratha+ātmaja)

• daśaratha – Dasharatha (proper name, father of Rama)
  proper noun (masculine)
• ātmaja – son, born of oneself
  noun (masculine)
  from ātman (self) + ja (born)
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Qualifies "rāmam"