वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-63, verse-1

पूर्वजो ऽप्युक्तमात्रस्तु लक्ष्मणेन सुभाषितम् ।
सारग्राही महासारं प्रतिजग्राह राघवः ॥१॥

1. pūrvajo'pyuktamātrastu lakṣmaṇena subhāṣitam ,
sāragrāhī mahāsāraṃ pratijagrāha rāghavaḥ.

1. pūrvajaḥ api ukta-mātraḥ tu lakṣmaṇena subhāṣitam
sāra-grāhī mahā-sāram pratijagrāha rāghavaḥ

1. rāghavaḥ pūrvajaḥ sāragrāhī,
lakṣmaṇena subhāṣitam uktamātraḥ api,
tu mahāsāram pratijagrāha.

1. The elder brother (pūrvaja), Rama (rāghava), who discerns the essence (sāragrāhī), just after he had been addressed by Lakshmana with his eloquent words, accepted their profound substance.

Words meanings summery:

• पूर्वजः (pūrvajaḥ) - the elder brother (Rama) (elder brother, born before)

• अपि (api) - even, as soon as (also, even, indeed)

• उक्त-मात्रः (ukta-mātraḥ) - Rama, having just been addressed (as soon as spoken, just uttered; one who has just been addressed)

• तु (tu) - indeed (but, however, indeed)

• लक्ष्मणेन (lakṣmaṇena) - by Lakshmana

• सुभाषितम् (subhāṣitam) - his eloquent, well-spoken words (well-spoken, eloquent speech, good saying)

• सार-ग्राही (sāra-grāhī) - Rama, who always grasps the essential point (one who grasps the essence)

• महा-सारम् (mahā-sāram) - the profound essence (of Lakshmana's words) (great essence, profound substance)

• प्रतिजग्राह (pratijagrāha) - he accepted (the advice) (he accepted, he received)

• राघवः (rāghavaḥ) - Rama (descendant of Raghu, Rama)

Words meanings and morphology

पूर्वजः (pūrvajaḥ) - the elder brother (Rama) (elder brother, born before)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pūrvaja

pūrvaja - born before, elder, ancestor, former

Compound of 'pūrva' (before) and 'ja' (born).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pūrva+ja)

• pūrva – before, prior, eastern, former
  adjective (masculine)
• ja – born, produced from
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root 'jan' (to be born).
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Refers to Rama.

अपि (api) - even, as soon as (also, even, indeed)

(indeclinable)

Note: Functions here to emphasize immediacy, 'even just'.

उक्त-मात्रः (ukta-mātraḥ) - Rama, having just been addressed (as soon as spoken, just uttered; one who has just been addressed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of uktamātra

uktamātra - just spoken, as soon as said; having only been spoken to/addressed

Compound of 'ukta' (spoken) and 'mātra' (only, merely). Here used to denote immediate completion of the act of speaking to someone.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (ukta+mātra)

• ukta – spoken, said, told
  participle (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Formed from root 'vac' (to speak).
  Root: vac (class 2)
• mātra – only, merely, as much as, by the measure of
  indeclinable (neuter)

Note: Agrees with pūrvajaḥ. Rama was the one who was just spoken to.

तु (tu) - indeed (but, however, indeed)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connective particle.

लक्ष्मणेन (lakṣmaṇena) - by Lakshmana

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of lakṣmaṇa

lakṣmaṇa - Lakshmana (Rama's brother)

Note: Agent of the action of speaking (implied by uktamātraḥ).

सुभाषितम् (subhāṣitam) - his eloquent, well-spoken words (well-spoken, eloquent speech, good saying)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of subhāṣita

subhāṣita - well-spoken, eloquent speech, wise saying

Past Passive Participle

Formed from 'bhāṣ' (to speak) with prefix 'su' (well). Often used as a neuter noun for 'good speech'.

Compound type : prādi-samāsa (su+bhāṣita)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
• bhāṣita – spoken, said, speech
  participle (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Formed from root 'bhāṣ' (to speak).
  Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

Note: Refers to the words spoken by Lakshmana.

सार-ग्राही (sāra-grāhī) - Rama, who always grasps the essential point (one who grasps the essence)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sāragrāhin

sāragrāhin - one who grasps the essence, discerning, judicious

Compound of 'sāra' (essence) and 'grāhin' (grasping).

Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (sāra+grāhin)

• sāra – essence, core, pith, strength, true meaning
  noun (masculine)
• grāhin – grasping, seizing, receiving, comprehending
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun from root 'grah' (to seize, grasp).
  Root: grah (class 9)

Note: Agrees with pūrvajaḥ and rāghavaḥ.

महा-सारम् (mahā-sāram) - the profound essence (of Lakshmana's words) (great essence, profound substance)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahāsāra

mahāsāra - great essence, profound truth, extremely valuable

Compound of 'mahā' (great) and 'sāra' (essence).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+sāra)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
  Feminine stem of mahant.
• sāra – essence, core, pith, strength, true meaning
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of pratijagrāha.

प्रतिजग्राह (pratijagrāha) - he accepted (the advice) (he accepted, he received)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of prati-grah

Root 'grah' (to seize) with prefix 'prati'.

Prefix: prati

Root: grah (class 9)

राघवः (rāghavaḥ) - Rama (descendant of Raghu, Rama)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāghava

rāghava - descendant of Raghu, name of Rama

Patronymic from Raghu.

Note: Subject of pratijagrāha.

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