वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-48, verse-17

स भारः सौम्य भर्तव्यो यो नरं नावसादयेत् ।
तदन्नमुपभोक्तव्यं जीर्यते यदनामयम् ॥१७॥

17. sa bhāraḥ saumya bhartavyo yo naraṃ nāvasādayet ,
tadannamupabhoktavyaṃ jīryate yadanāmayam.

17. saḥ bhāraḥ saumya bhartavyaḥ yaḥ naram na avasādayet
tat annam upabhoktavyam jīryate yat anāmayam

17. saumya yaḥ bhāraḥ naram na avasādayet saḥ bhartavyaḥ
yat annam anāmayam jīryate tat upabhoktavyam

17. O gentle one, that burden should be borne which does not exhaust a person. That food should be consumed which digests wholesomely and without causing illness.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - that, he

• भारः (bhāraḥ) - burden, load, weight

• सौम्य (saumya) - O gentle one, O mild one, O amiable one

• भर्तव्यः (bhartavyaḥ) - should be borne, ought to be carried, fit to be supported

• यः (yaḥ) - which, who

• नरम् (naram) - a man, a person

• न (na) - not

• अवसादयेत् (avasādayet) - should depress, should cause to sink, should exhaust

• तत् (tat) - that, it

• अन्नम् (annam) - food, cooked rice

• उपभोक्तव्यम् (upabhoktavyam) - should be eaten, ought to be enjoyed, fit to be used

• जीर्यते (jīryate) - digests, is digested, decays, wastes away

• यत् (yat) - which, what

• अनामयम् (anāmayam) - wholesome, healthy, not causing disease

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - that, he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

Demonstrative pronoun.

भारः (bhāraḥ) - burden, load, weight

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhāra

bhāra - burden, load, weight, quantity, responsibility

From √bhṛ (to bear, carry).

Root: bhṛ (class 1)

सौम्य (saumya) - O gentle one, O mild one, O amiable one

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of saumya

saumya - relating to Soma, mild, gentle, amiable, good, a friend

From Soma (the moon, a deity, a plant).

भर्तव्यः (bhartavyaḥ) - should be borne, ought to be carried, fit to be supported

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhartavya

bhartavya - to be supported, to be borne, to be maintained, suitable for bearing

Gerundive (kṛtya)

Formed from √bhṛ (to bear, carry, support) with the -tavya suffix.

Root: bhṛ (class 1)

यः (yaḥ) - which, who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what (relative pronoun)

Relative pronoun.

नरम् (naram) - a man, a person

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nara

nara - man, person, human being

Root: nṛ

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Negative particle.

अवसादयेत् (avasādayet) - should depress, should cause to sink, should exhaust

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of avasad

Causative Optative

From ava- + √sad (to sit, sink) with the causative suffix -aya.

Prefix: ava

Root: sad (class 1)

तत् (tat) - that, it

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

Demonstrative pronoun.

अन्नम् (annam) - food, cooked rice

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of anna

anna - food, cooked rice, grain

Past Passive Participle (originally from √ad 'to eat')

From √ad (to eat) or √an (to breathe).

Root: ad (class 2)

उपभोक्तव्यम् (upabhoktavyam) - should be eaten, ought to be enjoyed, fit to be used

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of upabhoktavya

upabhoktavya - to be eaten, to be enjoyed, to be used, fit to be consumed

Gerundive (kṛtya)

Formed from upa- + √bhuj (to eat, enjoy) with the -tavya suffix.

Prefix: upa

Root: bhuj (class 7)

जीर्यते (jīryate) - digests, is digested, decays, wastes away

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive/middle, present (laṭ) of jīr

From √jṛ (to decay, grow old); often used in passive/middle meaning 'to be digested' with the present stem 'jīrya'.

Root: jṛ (class 1)

यत् (yat) - which, what

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what (relative pronoun)

Relative pronoun.

अनामयम् (anāmayam) - wholesome, healthy, not causing disease

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of anāmaya

anāmaya - not causing illness, healthy, wholesome, salutary, free from disease

Nañ-tatpuruṣa compound.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (an+āmaya)

• an – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix for compounds.
• āmaya – sickness, disease, illness
  noun (masculine)
  From ā- + √am (to go, be ill).
  Prefix: ā
  Root: am (class 1)